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In 1984, mathematical physicist [[Barry Simon]] proposed a list of 15 open problems on [[Quantum operator|quantum operators]] (about 5 already solved in 2000).[{{Cite journal |last=Simon |first=Barry |title=SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY |date=2000 |journal=Mathematical Physics 2000 |pages=283–288 |url=http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9781848160224_0014 |access-date=2026-02-03 |publisher=PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO. |language=en |doi=10.1142/9781848160224_0014 |isbn=978-1-86094-230-3}}][{{Cite web |last=Weisstein |first=Eric W. |title=Simon's Problems |url=https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SimonsProblems.html |access-date=2026-02-03 |website=mathworld.wolfram.com |language=en}}] |
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In 1984, mathematical physicist [[Barry Simon]] proposed a list of 15 open problems on [[Quantum operator|quantum operators]] (about 5 already solved in 2000).[{{Cite journal |last=Simon |first=Barry |title=SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY |date=2000 |journal=Mathematical Physics 2000 |pages=283–288 |url=http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9781848160224_0014 |access-date=2026-02-03 |publisher=PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO. |language=en |doi=10.1142/9781848160224_0014 |isbn=978-1-86094-230-3}}][{{Cite web |last=Weisstein |first=Eric W. |title=Simon's Problems |url=https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SimonsProblems.html |access-date=2026-02-03 |website=mathworld.wolfram.com |language=en}}] |
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Nobel laureate [[Vitaly Ginzburg]] is known for having compiled from 1971 to 2005, a [[Vitaly Ginzburg#Ginzburg's list|list of open problems in physics]] on "the verge of the 21th century", the final list includes 30 problems.[{{Cite journal |last1=Pitaevskii |first1=Lev P. |date=2010-05-01 |title=Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg |url=https://physicstoday.aip.org/obituaries/vitaly-lazarevich-ginzburg |access-date=2026-01-27 |journal=Physics Today |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=56–57 |doi=10.1063/1.3431336 |bibcode=2010PhT....63e..56P |language=en}}][{{Cite journal|title=Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask|url=https://pubs.aip.org/aip/mre/article/5/3/038101/252925/Everything-you-always-wanted-to-know-about|journal=Matter and Radiation at Extremes|date=2020-04-23|issn=2468-2047|volume=5|issue=3|doi=10.1063/5.0002104|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250414032210/https://pubs.aip.org/aip/mre/article/5/3/038101/252925/Everything-you-always-wanted-to-know-about|archive-date=2025-04-14|language=en|first1=Eugene|last1=Gregoryanz|first2=Cheng|last2=Ji|first3=Philip|last3=Dalladay-Simpson|first4=Bing|last4=Li|first5=Ross T.|last5=Howie|first6=Ho-Kwang|last6=Mao |article-number=038101 }}] Ginzburg also included three "great problems": the problem of the [[arrow of time]], the [[interpretations of quantum mechanics]] and [[Abiogenesis|life arising from physics alone]].[{{Cite journal |last=Mensky |first=Mikhail B |date=2007-04-30 |title=Quantum measurements, the phenomenon of life, and time arrow: three great problems of physics (in Ginzburg's terminology) and their interrelation |url=https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2007/4/j/ |journal=Physics-Uspekhi |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=397–407 |doi=10.1070/PU2007v050n04ABEH006241 |issn=1063-7869}}] |
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Nobel laureate [[Vitaly Ginzburg]] is known for having compiled from 1971 to 2005, a [[Vitaly Ginzburg#Ginzburg's list|list of open problems in physics]] on "the verge of the 21st century", the final list includes 30 problems.[{{Cite journal |last1=Pitaevskii |first1=Lev P. |date=2010-05-01 |title=Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg |url=https://physicstoday.aip.org/obituaries/vitaly-lazarevich-ginzburg |access-date=2026-01-27 |journal=Physics Today |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=56–57 |doi=10.1063/1.3431336 |bibcode=2010PhT....63e..56P |language=en}}][{{Cite journal|title=Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask|url=https://pubs.aip.org/aip/mre/article/5/3/038101/252925/Everything-you-always-wanted-to-know-about|journal=Matter and Radiation at Extremes|date=2020-04-23|issn=2468-2047|volume=5|issue=3|doi=10.1063/5.0002104|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250414032210/https://pubs.aip.org/aip/mre/article/5/3/038101/252925/Everything-you-always-wanted-to-know-about|archive-date=2025-04-14|language=en|first1=Eugene|last1=Gregoryanz|first2=Cheng|last2=Ji|first3=Philip|last3=Dalladay-Simpson|first4=Bing|last4=Li|first5=Ross T.|last5=Howie|first6=Ho-Kwang|last6=Mao |article-number=038101 }}] Ginzburg also included three "great problems": the problem of the [[arrow of time]], the [[interpretations of quantum mechanics]] and [[Abiogenesis|life arising from physics alone]].[{{Cite journal |last=Mensky |first=Mikhail B |date=2007-04-30 |title=Quantum measurements, the phenomenon of life, and time arrow: three great problems of physics (in Ginzburg's terminology) and their interrelation |url=https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2007/4/j/ |journal=Physics-Uspekhi |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=397–407 |doi=10.1070/PU2007v050n04ABEH006241 |issn=1063-7869}}] |
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During the [[Strings (conference)|Strings]] 2000 conference a list of 10 millenium problems in theoretical physics was proposed by its members, none has been conclusively solved as of 2025.[{{Cite web |last=Siegel |first=Ethan |date=2025-01-07 |title=25-year update on the "Millennium problems" in physics |url=https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/update-millennium-problems-physics/ |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=Big Think |language=en-US}}] |
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During the [[Strings (conference)|Strings]] 2000 conference a list of 10 millenium problems in theoretical physics was proposed by its members, none has been conclusively solved as of 2025.[{{Cite web |last=Siegel |first=Ethan |date=2025-01-07 |title=25-year update on the "Millennium problems" in physics |url=https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/update-millennium-problems-physics/ |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=Big Think |language=en-US}}] |
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