Psychiatric hospital
I used this source to add context to the mention of the Mental Patient Liberation Movement. More importantly, I added a citation to the sentence before where mine started to fix the issue of it not having a source. (Ginsberg, L. H.,1974).
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In 1961, sociologist [[Erving Goffman]] described a theory{{cite book|last=Goffman|first=Erving |title=Asylums: essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates|year=1961|publisher=Anchor Books|isbn=978-0-385-00016-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FqELAQAAIAAJ}}{{cite web|title=Extracts from Erving Goffman|url=http://studymore.org.uk/xgof.htm#Asylums|publisher=A Middlesex University resource|access-date=8 November 2010}} of the "[[total institution]]" and the process by which it takes efforts to maintain predictable and regular behavior on the part of both "guard" and "captor", suggesting that many of the features of such institutions serve the ritual function of ensuring that both classes of people know their function and [[social role]], in other words of "[[Institutional syndrome|institutionalizing]]" them. Asylums is a key text in the development of [[deinstitutionalization]].{{cite journal|last=Mac Suibhne|first=Séamus|title=Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and other Inmates|journal=[[BMJ]]|date=7 October 2009|volume=339|article-number=b4109|doi=10.1136/bmj.b4109|s2cid=220087437|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b4109|url-access=subscription}} |
In 1961, sociologist [[Erving Goffman]] described a theory{{cite book|last=Goffman|first=Erving |title=Asylums: essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates|year=1961|publisher=Anchor Books|isbn=978-0-385-00016-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FqELAQAAIAAJ}}{{cite web|title=Extracts from Erving Goffman|url=http://studymore.org.uk/xgof.htm#Asylums|publisher=A Middlesex University resource|access-date=8 November 2010}} of the "[[total institution]]" and the process by which it takes efforts to maintain predictable and regular behavior on the part of both "guard" and "captor", suggesting that many of the features of such institutions serve the ritual function of ensuring that both classes of people know their function and [[social role]], in other words of "[[Institutional syndrome|institutionalizing]]" them. Asylums is a key text in the development of [[deinstitutionalization]].{{cite journal|last=Mac Suibhne|first=Séamus|title=Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and other Inmates|journal=[[BMJ]]|date=7 October 2009|volume=339|article-number=b4109|doi=10.1136/bmj.b4109|s2cid=220087437|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b4109|url-access=subscription}} |
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With successive waves of reform{{when|date=February 2025}} and the introduction of effective evidence-based treatments, modern psychiatric hospitals provide a primary emphasis on treatment; and further, they attempt—where possible—to help patients control their own lives in the outside world with the use of a combination of [[psychiatric drug]]s and [[psychotherapy]].{{Cite web|url=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?search_field=all_fields|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009030345/https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?search_field=all_fields|archive-date=October 9, 2019|title=- Reports of the Surgeon General - Profiles in Science Search Results|website=profiles.nlm.nih.gov}}{{full|date=February 2025}} These treatments can be involuntary. Involuntary treatments are among the many psychiatric practices which are questioned by the [[Anti-Psychiatry|mental patient liberation movement]].{{ |
With successive waves of reform{{when|date=February 2025}} and the introduction of effective evidence-based treatments, modern psychiatric hospitals provide a primary emphasis on treatment; and further, they attempt—where possible—to help patients control their own lives in the outside world with the use of a combination of [[psychiatric drug]]s and [[psychotherapy]].{{Cite web|url=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?search_field=all_fields|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009030345/https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog?search_field=all_fields|archive-date=October 9, 2019|title=- Reports of the Surgeon General - Profiles in Science Search Results|website=profiles.nlm.nih.gov}}{{full|date=February 2025}} These treatments can be involuntary. Involuntary treatments are among the many psychiatric practices which are questioned by the [[Anti-Psychiatry|mental patient liberation movement]].{{Cite journal |last=Ginsberg |first=Leon H. |date=1974 |title=The Mental Patient Liberation Movement |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23712159 |journal=Social Work |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=3–103 |issn=0037-8046}} The Mental Patient Liberation Movement developed between 1950 and 1960. The movement was driven by the effort to gain more rights for mental patients and ex-patients who felt their constitutional rights had been violated. These violations included unjust incarceration, drugging until incapacitation, and the removal of normal forms of communication such as mail or telephone. The movement worked towards changing the handling of deviant behavior to treat people in a more humaine manner and correcting this behavior through treatment rather than punishment. Overall, the primary objective of the movement was reforming institutional commitment procedures. |
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In America history in the 1980s after the "12,225,000 Acre Bill"{{what|date=February 2025}} it was emphasized that care would be given in asylums instead of housing the individuals in jails, poorhouses, or having them live on the streets.{{clarify|when did the institutionalization decline? when was the political movement to shutter the mental institutions?|date=February 2025}} Due to the decrease over the years of psychiatric hospitals available depending on the state the availability of space and beds for new patients has drastically decreased.{{Cite book |last1=Park |first1=Joe |url=https://www.nasmhpd.org/sites/default/files/The%20Vital%20Role%20of%20State%20Psychiatric%20HospitalsTechnical%20Report_July_2014(6).pdf |title=The Vital Role of State Psychiatric Hospitals |last2=Radke |first2=Alan |date=July 2014 |publisher=National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors}} |
In America history in the 1980s after the "12,225,000 Acre Bill"{{what|date=February 2025}} it was emphasized that care would be given in asylums instead of housing the individuals in jails, poorhouses, or having them live on the streets.{{clarify|when did the institutionalization decline? when was the political movement to shutter the mental institutions?|date=February 2025}} Due to the decrease over the years of psychiatric hospitals available depending on the state the availability of space and beds for new patients has drastically decreased.{{Cite book |last1=Park |first1=Joe |url=https://www.nasmhpd.org/sites/default/files/The%20Vital%20Role%20of%20State%20Psychiatric%20HospitalsTechnical%20Report_July_2014(6).pdf |title=The Vital Role of State Psychiatric Hospitals |last2=Radke |first2=Alan |date=July 2014 |publisher=National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors}} |
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