Kondiaronk

In ''[[The Dawn of Everything]]: A New History of Humanity'',{{Cite web|date=2021-08-24|title=''The Dawn of Everything''|url=https://static.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-graeber/the-dawn-of-everything/|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-10-18|website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]|archive-date=2021-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019005201/https://static.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-graeber/the-dawn-of-everything/}} [[anthropologist]] [[David Graeber]] and [[archaeologist]] [[David Wengrow]] analyze the work of French explorer and philosopher the [[Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan|Baron Louis-Armand Lahontan]] (1666–1716) whose journals were published, as ''[[New Voyages to North America]]'', in Amsterdam in the early 18th century. Graeber and Wengrow describe Lahontan's interviews with Kondiaronk, who is given the fictitious name Adario.

In ''[[The Dawn of Everything]]: A New History of Humanity'',{{Cite web|date=2021-08-24|title=''The Dawn of Everything''|url=https://static.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-graeber/the-dawn-of-everything/|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-10-18|website=[[Kirkus Reviews]]|archive-date=2021-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019005201/https://static.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/david-graeber/the-dawn-of-everything/}} [[anthropologist]] [[David Graeber]] and [[archaeologist]] [[David Wengrow]] analyze the work of French explorer and philosopher the [[Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan|Baron Louis-Armand Lahontan]] (1666–1716) whose journals were published, as ''[[New Voyages to North America]]'', in Amsterdam in the early 18th century. Graeber and Wengrow describe Lahontan's interviews with Kondiaronk, who is given the fictitious name Adario.

Many native American societies were non-hierarchical, deciding policy by public deliberations and open debate. Rational oratory was highly valued, and Kondiaronk's [[rhetoric]] was reputed to be unmatched. He was a frequent guest and supper debater with the Governor of Montreal, [[Louis-Hector de Callière|Hector de Callière]], and he traveled on a diplomatic mission to Paris, where he attracted great interest in the salons. A 1699 with Calliere, as recorded by Lahontan, is retold by Graeber and Wengrow:

Many native American societies were non-hierarchical, deciding policy by public deliberations and open debate. Rational oratory was highly valued, and Kondiaronk's [[rhetoric]] was reputed to be unmatched. He was a frequent guest and supper debater with the Governor of Montreal, [[Louis-Hector de Callière|Hector de Callière]], and he traveled on a diplomatic mission to Paris, where he attracted great interest in the salons. A 1699 conversation with Calliere, as recorded by Lahontan, is retold by Graeber and Wengrow:

{{blockquote|Kondiaronk: I have spent 6 years reflecting on the state of European society and I still can’t think of a single way they act that is not inhuman and I generally think this can only be the case as long as you stick to your distinctions of “mine” and “thine.” I affirm that what you call “money” is the devil of devils, the tyrant of the French, the source of all evils, the bane of souls and slaughterhouse of the living. To imagine one can live in the country of money and preserve one’s soul is like imagining one can preserve one’s life at the bottom of a lake. Money is the father of luxury, lasciviousness, intrigues, trickery, lies, betrayal, insincerity—of all the world’s worst behavior. Fathers sell their children, husbands their wives, wives betray their husbands, brothers kill each other, friends are false—and all because of money. In light of all of this, tell me that we Wyandotte are not right in refusing to touch or so much as look at silver.

{{blockquote|Kondiaronk: I have spent 6 years reflecting on the state of European society and I still can’t think of a single way they act that is not inhuman and I generally think this can only be the case as long as you stick to your distinctions of “mine” and “thine.” I affirm that what you call “money” is the devil of devils, the tyrant of the French, the source of all evils, the bane of souls and slaughterhouse of the living. To imagine one can live in the country of money and preserve one’s soul is like imagining one can preserve one’s life at the bottom of a lake. Money is the father of luxury, lasciviousness, intrigues, trickery, lies, betrayal, insincerity—of all the world’s worst behavior. Fathers sell their children, husbands their wives, wives betray their husbands, brothers kill each other, friends are false—and all because of money. In light of all of this, tell me that we Wyandotte are not right in refusing to touch or so much as look at silver.