Kashmiri cuisine

Apr 19, 2026 - 14:06
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Kashmiri cuisine

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Kashmiri cuisine is generally meat-heavy.{{cite magazine |author1=Binish Gulzar |author2=Syed Rakshanda Suman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnnGIjiogC&pg=PA64 |title=The Fur Traders and The Lost Avenues |date=September 2009 |magazine=Epilogue |volume=3 |issue=9 |page=64 |quote=Since Kashmiris consume meat voraciously and statistics reveals that on an average 3.5 million sheep and goat are slaughtered annually for our consumption, the skin can be utilised for production.}}{{cite book |last1=Waza & Mohan |first1=Sharief, Shafi and Rafiq, & Rocky |title=Traditional Kashmiri Cuisine Wazwaan |date=2019 |publisher=Lustre Press Roli Books |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-941109-3-4 |page=10}} The region has, per capita, the highest mutton consumers in the [[Indian Subcontinent]].{{cite book |last1=Abdullah |first1=Omar [Foreword] |title=Kashmiri Cuisine Through the Ages |date=2020 |publisher=[[Roli Books]] |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-941109-4-1 |page=6}}{{cite web |last1=Hameed |first1=Haseeb Ibn |title=Kashmir consumes 22 lakh sheep annually, only 6.5 lakh raised locally |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/business/kashmir-consumes-22-lakh-sheep-annually-only-6-5-lakh-raised-locally#:~:text=According%20to%20official%20data%20compiled,meat%20consumption%20in%20the%20region |website=Greater Kashmir |date=14 March 2021 |access-date=18 March 2022}} Lamb or sheep is the preferred choice of meat amongst Pandits, whereas Muslims prefer goats. [[Beef]] was historically banned in the valley, but has recently become widely popular amongst the [[Kashmiri Muslims|Muslim population of Kashmir]] after the mass [[Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus]] in the 1990s.{{cite web |quote=The meat includes chicken, mutton and beef. Beef was banned in Kashmir. Beef is found everywhere in Kashmir especially after 1990's when Kashmiri Hindus left. |title=Long Records |url=https://longrecords.vercel.app/articles/yaver-javid-the-food-of-kashmir.html |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=longrecords.vercel.app}}{{cite web |last1=Roy |first1=Rituparna |title=There's More To Kashmiri Food Than Roganjosh |url=https://www.indiafoodnetwork.in/food-stories/theres-more-to-kashmiri-food-than-roganjosh/ |website=IndiaFoodNetwork |date=8 April 2016 |access-date=16 July 2022 |quote=The difference between Kashmiri Pandit food and the Wazwan or Muslim cuisine is simple. While Hindus or Pandits use heeng (asafoetida) and curd to make their dishes creamy, Muslims prefer onions and garlic to cook their recipes. Interestingly, “Kashmiri Muslims prefer goat, especially young, while Kashmiri Pandits choose lamb,” Chef Koul says. }} Chicken and mutton are also daily consumed.
Kashmiri cuisine is generally meat-heavy.{{cite magazine |author1=Binish Gulzar |author2=Syed Rakshanda Suman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XebnnGIjiogC&pg=PA64 |title=The Fur Traders and The Lost Avenues |date=September 2009 |magazine=Epilogue |volume=3 |issue=9 |page=64 |quote=Since Kashmiris consume meat voraciously and statistics reveals that on an average 3.5 million sheep and goat are slaughtered annually for our consumption, the skin can be utilised for production.}}{{cite book |last1=Waza & Mohan |first1=Sharief, Shafi and Rafiq, & Rocky |title=Traditional Kashmiri Cuisine Wazwaan |date=2019 |publisher=Lustre Press Roli Books |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-941109-3-4 |page=10}} The region has, per capita, the highest mutton consumers in the [[Indian Subcontinent]].{{cite book |last1=Abdullah |first1=Omar [Foreword] |title=Kashmiri Cuisine Through the Ages |date=2020 |publisher=[[Roli Books]] |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-941109-4-1 |page=6}}{{cite web |last1=Hameed |first1=Haseeb Ibn |title=Kashmir consumes 22 lakh sheep annually, only 6.5 lakh raised locally |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/business/kashmir-consumes-22-lakh-sheep-annually-only-6-5-lakh-raised-locally#:~:text=According%20to%20official%20data%20compiled,meat%20consumption%20in%20the%20region |website=Greater Kashmir |date=14 March 2021 |access-date=18 March 2022}} Lamb or sheep is the preferred choice of meat amongst Pandits, whereas Muslims prefer goats. [[Beef]] was historically banned in the valley, but has recently become widely popular amongst the [[Kashmiri Muslims|Muslim population of Kashmir]] after the mass [[Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus]] in the 1990s.{{cite web |quote=The meat includes chicken, mutton and beef. Beef was banned in Kashmir. Beef is found everywhere in Kashmir especially after 1990's when Kashmiri Hindus left. |title=Long Records |url=https://longrecords.vercel.app/articles/yaver-javid-the-food-of-kashmir.html |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=longrecords.vercel.app}}{{cite web |last1=Roy |first1=Rituparna |title=There's More To Kashmiri Food Than Roganjosh |url=https://www.indiafoodnetwork.in/food-stories/theres-more-to-kashmiri-food-than-roganjosh/ |website=IndiaFoodNetwork |date=8 April 2016 |access-date=16 July 2022 |quote=The difference between Kashmiri Pandit food and the Wazwan or Muslim cuisine is simple. While Hindus or Pandits use heeng (asafoetida) and curd to make their dishes creamy, Muslims prefer onions and garlic to cook their recipes. Interestingly, “Kashmiri Muslims prefer goat, especially young, while Kashmiri Pandits choose lamb,” Chef Koul says. }} Chicken and mutton are also daily consumed.


In a majority of Kashmiri cooking, bread is not part of the meal.{{cite web |last1=Ancheri |first1=Saumya |title=Eating local in Srinagar with The Bombay Canteen's Thomas Zacharias |url=https://www.cntraveller.in/story/eating-local-srinagar-bombay-canteens-thomas-zacharias/ |website=Condé Nast Traveller |date=12 March 2018 |access-date=19 August 2022}} Bread is generally only eaten with tea in the morning, afternoon and evening. The cooking methods of vegetables, mutton, homemade cheese ([[paneer]]), and legumes by Muslims are similar to those of Pandits, except in the use of onions, garlic and shallots by Muslims in place of [[asafoetida]]. [[Celosia |Cockscomb flower]], called "mawal" in Kashmiri, is boiled to prepare a red food colouring, as used in certain dishes mostly in [[Wazwan]]. Kashmiri Pandit cuisine uses the mildly pungent [[Kashmiri red chili]] powder as a spice, as well as ''[[Alkanna tinctoria |ratanjot]]'' to impart colour to certain dishes like [[rogan josh]]. Kashmiri Muslim cuisine uses chilies in moderate quantity, and avoid hot dishes at large meals. In Kashmiri Muslim cuisine, vegetable curries are common with meat traditionally considered an expensive indulgence.{{cite book |last1=Kaul Kilam |first1=Shyam Rani |title=Culinary Art of Kashmir (Kashmiri Cookbook) |publisher=De Leij |date=1988}} [[Wazwan]] dishes apart from in wedding along with rice, some vegetables and salad are prepared also on special occasions like Eids.{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QpjKpK7ywPIC&q=kashmiris+meat&pg=PA98 |title=Kashmir and Its People: Studies in the Evolution of Kashmiri Society |last=Kaw |first=M. K. |publisher=APH Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=9788176485371 |pages=98 |quote=But perhaps the most popular items of the Kashmiri cuisine were meat and rice.}}
In a majority of Kashmiri cooking, bread is not part of the meal.{{cite web |last1=Ancheri |first1=Saumya |title=Eating local in Srinagar with The Bombay Canteen's Thomas Zacharias |url=https://www.cntraveller.in/story/eating-local-srinagar-bombay-canteens-thomas-zacharias/ |website=Condé Nast Traveller |date=12 March 2018 |access-date=19 August 2022}} Bread is generally only eaten with tea in the morning, afternoon and evening. The cooking methods of vegetables, mutton, homemade cheese ([[paneer]]), and legumes by Muslims are similar to those of Pandits, except in the use of onions, garlic and shallots by Muslims in place of [[asafoetida]]. [[Celosia |Cockscomb flower]], called "mawal" in Kashmiri, is boiled to prepare a red food colouring, as used in certain dishes mostly in [[Wazwan]]. Kashmiri Pandit cuisine uses the mildly pungent [[Kashmiri red chili]] powder as a spice, as well as ''[[Alkanna tinctoria |ratanjot]]'' to impart colour to certain dishes like [[rogan josh]]. Kashmiri Muslim cuisine uses chilies in moderate quantity, and avoid hot dishes at large meals. In Kashmiri Muslim cuisine, vegetable curries are common with meat traditionally considered an expensive indulgence.{{cite book |last1=Kaul Kilam |first1=Shyam Rani |title=Culinary Art of Kashmir (Kashmiri Cookbook) |publisher=De Leij |date=1988}} [[Wazwan]] dishes with rice, some vegetables and salad are prepared for weddings and special occasions like Eid.{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QpjKpK7ywPIC&q=kashmiris+meat&pg=PA98 |title=Kashmir and Its People: Studies in the Evolution of Kashmiri Society |last=Kaw |first=M. K. |publisher=APH Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=9788176485371 |pages=98 |quote=But perhaps the most popular items of the Kashmiri cuisine were meat and rice.}}


== History ==
== History ==
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