Jamaican Maroons

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Jamaican Maroons

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The word "[[Maroons|maroon]]" is derived via French from the Spanish word ''cimarrón'', meaning "wild" or "untamed". This word usually referred to runaways, castaways, or the shipwrecked; those ''marooned'' probably would never return. The etymology of the Spanish word ''cimarrón'' is unknown.{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Seminole|title=Seminole – Origin and meaning of Seminole by Online Etymology Dictionary|website=www.etymonline.com|access-date=18 April 2026|archive-date=9 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009181408/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Seminole|url-status=live}}
The word "[[Maroons|maroon]]" is derived via French from the Spanish word ''cimarrón'', meaning "wild" or "untamed". This word usually referred to runaways, castaways, or the shipwrecked; those ''marooned'' probably would never return. The etymology of the Spanish word ''cimarrón'' is unknown.{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Seminole|title=Seminole – Origin and meaning of Seminole by Online Etymology Dictionary|website=www.etymonline.com|access-date=18 April 2026|archive-date=9 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009181408/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Seminole|url-status=live}}


The word "[[Maroons|maroon]]" is derived from the fact that the Africans were stranded in Jamaica.
The term "Jamaican Maroons" refers to Africans who were stranded in Jamaica.


When the English invaded [[Jamaica]] in 1655, most Spanish colonists fled. Many of their slaves escaped and, together with free Black people and [[mulattoes]], former slaves, and possibly Indigenous people as well,{{cite journal |pmid=25392952 | doi=10.1002/ajhb.22656 | volume=27 | title=Origins of marronage: Mitochondrial lineages of Jamaica's Accompong Town Maroons | year=2015 | journal=Am. J. Hum. Biol. | pages=432–37 | last1 = Madrilejo | first1 = N. | last2 = Lombard | first2 = H. | last3 = Torres | first3 = JB| issue=3 | s2cid=30255510 }}Sivapragasam, Michael (2018), [http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=moreTab&ct=display&fn=search&doc=BLL01019153409&indx=1&recIds=BLL01019153409&recIdxs=0&elementId=0&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&frbg=&&dscnt=0&scp.scps=scope%3A%28BLCONTENT%29&vl(2084770704UI0)=any&tb=t&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&srt=rank&tab=local_tab&dum=true&vl(freeText0)=michael%20sivapragasam&dstmp=1546605833202 ''After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739–1842''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520042522/https://l.sharethis.com/sc?event=pview&version=buttons.js&lang=en&sessionID=1621484722114.35804&hostname=explore.bl.uk&location=%2Fprimo_library%2Flibweb%2Faction%2Fdisplay.do&product=widget&fcmp=false&fcmpv2=false&publisher=ad1af46f-5d2b-4f49-aa8c-10f1ffaecf51&bsamesite=true&consent_cookie_duration=390&consent_duration=390&gdpr_domain=.consensu.org&gdpr_method=cookie&url=http%3A%2F%2Fexplore.bl.uk%2Fprimo_library%2Flibweb%2Faction%2Fdisplay.do%3Ftabs%3DmoreTab%26ct%3Ddisplay%26fn%3Dsearch%26doc%3DBLL01019153409%26indx%3D1%26recIds%3DBLL01019153409%26recIdxs%3D0%26elementId%3D0%26renderMode%3DpoppedOut%26displayMode%3Dfull%26frbrVersion%3D%26frbg%3D%26dscnt%3D0%26scp.scps%3Dscope%253A(BLCONTENT)%26vl(2084770704UI0)%3Dany%26tb%3Dt%26vid%3DBLVU1%26mode%3DBasic%26srt%3Drank%26tab%3Dlocal_tab%26dum%3Dtrue%26vl(freeText0)%3Dmichael%2Bsivapragasam%26dstmp%3D1546605833202&title=After%20the%20treaties%20%3A%20a%20social%2C%20economic%20and%20demographic%20history%20of%20Maroon%20society%20in%20Jamaica%2C%201739-1842.%20-%20British%20Library&sop=false&samesite=None |date=20 May 2021 }}, PhD Dissertation, African-Caribbean Institute of Jamaica library (Southampton: Southampton University), pp. 23–24.Agorsah, E. Kofi (1994), "Archaeology of Maroon Settlements in Jamaica", ''Maroon Heritage: Archaeological, Ethnographic and Historical Perspectives'', ed. E. Kofi Agorsah (Kingston: University of the West Indies Canoe Press), pp. 180–81. coalesced into a number of ethnically diverse groups in the Jamaican interior.{{cite book|first=Michael|last=Craton|title=Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qP2jDoiqy3wC&pg=PA70|year=2009|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-7528-3|pages=70–74|access-date=19 March 2020|archive-date=14 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414065438/https://books.google.com/books?id=qP2jDoiqy3wC&pg=PA70|url-status=live}}
When the English invaded [[Jamaica]] in 1655, most Spanish colonists fled. Many of their slaves escaped and, together with free Black people and [[mulattoes]], former slaves, and possibly Indigenous people as well,{{cite journal |pmid=25392952 | doi=10.1002/ajhb.22656 | volume=27 | title=Origins of marronage: Mitochondrial lineages of Jamaica's Accompong Town Maroons | year=2015 | journal=Am. J. Hum. Biol. | pages=432–37 | last1 = Madrilejo | first1 = N. | last2 = Lombard | first2 = H. | last3 = Torres | first3 = JB| issue=3 | s2cid=30255510 }}Sivapragasam, Michael (2018), [http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=moreTab&ct=display&fn=search&doc=BLL01019153409&indx=1&recIds=BLL01019153409&recIdxs=0&elementId=0&renderMode=poppedOut&displayMode=full&frbrVersion=&frbg=&&dscnt=0&scp.scps=scope%3A%28BLCONTENT%29&vl(2084770704UI0)=any&tb=t&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&srt=rank&tab=local_tab&dum=true&vl(freeText0)=michael%20sivapragasam&dstmp=1546605833202 ''After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739–1842''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520042522/https://l.sharethis.com/sc?event=pview&version=buttons.js&lang=en&sessionID=1621484722114.35804&hostname=explore.bl.uk&location=%2Fprimo_library%2Flibweb%2Faction%2Fdisplay.do&product=widget&fcmp=false&fcmpv2=false&publisher=ad1af46f-5d2b-4f49-aa8c-10f1ffaecf51&bsamesite=true&consent_cookie_duration=390&consent_duration=390&gdpr_domain=.consensu.org&gdpr_method=cookie&url=http%3A%2F%2Fexplore.bl.uk%2Fprimo_library%2Flibweb%2Faction%2Fdisplay.do%3Ftabs%3DmoreTab%26ct%3Ddisplay%26fn%3Dsearch%26doc%3DBLL01019153409%26indx%3D1%26recIds%3DBLL01019153409%26recIdxs%3D0%26elementId%3D0%26renderMode%3DpoppedOut%26displayMode%3Dfull%26frbrVersion%3D%26frbg%3D%26dscnt%3D0%26scp.scps%3Dscope%253A(BLCONTENT)%26vl(2084770704UI0)%3Dany%26tb%3Dt%26vid%3DBLVU1%26mode%3DBasic%26srt%3Drank%26tab%3Dlocal_tab%26dum%3Dtrue%26vl(freeText0)%3Dmichael%2Bsivapragasam%26dstmp%3D1546605833202&title=After%20the%20treaties%20%3A%20a%20social%2C%20economic%20and%20demographic%20history%20of%20Maroon%20society%20in%20Jamaica%2C%201739-1842.%20-%20British%20Library&sop=false&samesite=None |date=20 May 2021 }}, PhD Dissertation, African-Caribbean Institute of Jamaica library (Southampton: Southampton University), pp. 23–24.Agorsah, E. Kofi (1994), "Archaeology of Maroon Settlements in Jamaica", ''Maroon Heritage: Archaeological, Ethnographic and Historical Perspectives'', ed. E. Kofi Agorsah (Kingston: University of the West Indies Canoe Press), pp. 180–81. coalesced into a number of ethnically diverse groups in the Jamaican interior.{{cite book|first=Michael|last=Craton|title=Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qP2jDoiqy3wC&pg=PA70|year=2009|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-7528-3|pages=70–74|access-date=19 March 2020|archive-date=14 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414065438/https://books.google.com/books?id=qP2jDoiqy3wC&pg=PA70|url-status=live}}
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