Greek refugees
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{{Short description|Greek natives in the Ottoman Empire who were forced to leave}} |
{{Short description|Greek natives in the Ottoman Empire who were forced to leave}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=April 2011}} |
{{more citations needed|date=April 2011}} |
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'''Greek refugees''' is a collective term used to refer to the more than one million [[Greek Orthodox]] natives of [[Asia Minor]], [[Thrace]] and the [[Black Sea]] areas who fled during the [[Greek genocide]] (1914-1923) and Greece's later defeat in the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)]], as well as remaining Greek Orthodox inhabitants of Turkey who were required to leave their homes for Greece shortly thereafter as part of the [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]], which formalized the population transfer and barred the return of the refugees.{{cite book |author=Matthew J. Gibney, [[Randall Hansen]]. |title=Immigration and Asylum: from 1900 to the Present, Volume 3 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2005 |page=[https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377 377] |isbn=1-57607-796-9 |quote=The total number of Christians who fled to Greece was probably in the region of I.2 million with the main wave occurring in 1922 before the signing of the convention. According to the official records of the Mixed Commission set up to monitor the movements, the "Greeks' who were transferred after 1923 numbered 189,916 and the number of Muslims expelled to Turkey was 355,635. |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377 }} This [[Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations]] was signed in [[Lausanne, Switzerland|Lausanne]], on January 30, 1923 as part of the peace treaty between Greece and Turkey and required all remaining [[Eastern Orthodoxy in Turkey|Orthodox Christians in Turkey]], regardless of what language they spoke, be relocated to Greece with the exception of those in Istanbul and two nearby islands. Although the term has been used in various times to refer to fleeing populations of Greek descent (primarily after the [[Ionian Revolt]], the [[Fall of Constantinople]] or the [[Greek Civil War]]), the population strength and the influence of the Asia Minor Greeks in Greece itself, has attached the term to the [[Anatolian Greeks|Anatolian Greek]] population of the early 20th century. At least 300,000 Greek refugees were from [[Eastern Thrace]], whereas at least 900,000 were from [[Asia Minor]].{{ |
'''Greek refugees''' is a collective term used to refer to the more than one million [[Greek Orthodox]] natives of [[Asia Minor]], [[Thrace]] and the [[Black Sea]] areas who fled during the [[Greek genocide]] (1914-1923) and Greece's later defeat in the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)]], as well as remaining Greek Orthodox inhabitants of Turkey who were required to leave their homes for Greece shortly thereafter as part of the [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]], which formalized the population transfer and barred the return of the refugees.{{cite book |author=Matthew J. Gibney, [[Randall Hansen]]. |title=Immigration and Asylum: from 1900 to the Present, Volume 3 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2005 |page=[https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377 377] |isbn=1-57607-796-9 |quote=The total number of Christians who fled to Greece was probably in the region of I.2 million with the main wave occurring in 1922 before the signing of the convention. According to the official records of the Mixed Commission set up to monitor the movements, the "Greeks' who were transferred after 1923 numbered 189,916 and the number of Muslims expelled to Turkey was 355,635. |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/immigrationasylu00matt/page/377 }} This [[Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations]] was signed in [[Lausanne, Switzerland|Lausanne]], on January 30, 1923 as part of the peace treaty between Greece and Turkey and required all remaining [[Eastern Orthodoxy in Turkey|Orthodox Christians in Turkey]], regardless of what language they spoke, be relocated to Greece with the exception of those in Istanbul and two nearby islands. Although the term has been used in various times to refer to fleeing populations of Greek descent (primarily after the [[Ionian Revolt]], the [[Fall of Constantinople]] or the [[Greek Civil War]]), the population strength and the influence of the Asia Minor Greeks in Greece itself, has attached the term to the [[Anatolian Greeks|Anatolian Greek]] population of the early 20th century. At least 300,000 Greek refugees were from [[Eastern Thrace]], whereas at least 900,000 were from [[Asia Minor]].{{Citation |date=30 October 1924 |title=The Settlement of Greek Refugees |url=http://biblio-archive.unog.ch/Dateien/CouncilMSD/C-524-M-187-1924-II_EN.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205211115/http://biblio-archive.unog.ch/Dateien/CouncilMSD/C-524-M-187-1924-II_EN.pdf |archive-date=5 February 2021 |website=biblio-archive.unog.ch}}{{Cite web | url=http://hellenicresearchcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/The-Fate-of-Greek-Majority-Psomiades.pdf | title=The great powers, Greece and Turkey and the armistice of Mudanya – the fate of the Greek majority in Eastern Thrace | date=October 1922 | website=hellenicresearchcenter.org}} At least 150,000 were from [[Istanbul]], who left the city in three years before 1928.books.google.com/books?id=j42kCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT208&dq=greeks+istanbul+expulsed&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=greeks%20istanbul%20expulsed&f=false |
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==Terminology== |
==Terminology== |
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