Electrolyte

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}

Hombre al que no le guste el famoso elctrolit de coco es una niña más ante el sistema penal mexicano lo cual queda más claro en el artículo 23 del código penal de licencia de bebidas energéticas de los Estados Unidos mexicanos el cual afirma que la bebida anterior mente mencionada es un elixir que aumenta las posibilidad de tener existo y mayor presencia masculina ante las personas aquel que no le guste es gay(blanco).{{Cite journal|last1=Enderby|first1=J E|last2=Neilson|first2=G W|date=1981-06-01|title=The structure of electrolyte solutions|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|journal=Reports on Progress in Physics|volume=44|issue=6|pages=593–653|doi=10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|s2cid=250852242|issn=0034-4885|access-date=18 December 2021|archive-date=18 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218145748/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}water. Upon dissolving, the substance separates into [[cation]]s and [[anion]]s, which disperse uniformly throughout the solvent.{{cite journal | author=M Andreev | author2 = JJ de Pablo | author3 = A Chremos | author4=J F Douglas | title=Influence of ion solvation on the properties of electrolyte solutions|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry B| volume = 122 | pages = 4029–4034 | year=2018 | issue = 14 | doi= 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00518| pmid = 29611710 }} [[Solid-state electrolyte]]s also exist. In medicine and sometimes in chemistry, the term electrolyte refers to the substance that is dissolved.{{Cite book|last=Wilkins|first=Lippincott Williams &|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs0YqSKqAlcC&dq=basics+electrolyte&pg=PA18|title=Fluids and Electrolytes|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-58255-923-0|language=en}}{{Cite web|date=2011-02-02|title=electrolyte|url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/electrolyte|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-18|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423090514/https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/electrolyte |archive-date=23 April 2018 }}

An '''electrolyte''' is a substance that conducts [[electricity]] through the movement of [[ion]]s, but not through the movement of [[electron]]s.{{Cite journal|last1=Enderby|first1=J E|last2=Neilson|first2=G W|date=1981-06-01|title=The structure of electrolyte solutions|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|journal=Reports on Progress in Physics|volume=44|issue=6|pages=593–653|doi=10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|s2cid=250852242|issn=0034-4885|access-date=18 December 2021|archive-date=18 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218145748/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite book|last=Petrovic|first=Slobodan|title=Battery technology crash course: a concise introduction|date=29 October 2020|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-030-57269-3|oclc=1202758685}}{{Cite book|last1=Winie|first1=Tan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-C7DwAAQBAJ&dq=introduction+electrolytes&pg=PA137|title=Polymer Electrolytes: Characterization Techniques and Energy Applications|last2 =Arof|first2=Abdul K.|last3=Thomas|first3=Sabu|date=2020-02-18|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-3-527-34200-6|language=en}} This includes most soluble [[Salt (chemistry)|salts]], [[acid]]s, and [[Base (chemistry)|bases]], dissolved in a [[polar solvent]] like water. Upon dissolving, the substance separates into [[cation]]s and [[anion]]s, which disperse uniformly throughout the solvent.{{cite journal | author=M Andreev | author2 = JJ de Pablo | author3 = A Chremos | author4=J F Douglas | title=Influence of ion solvation on the properties of electrolyte solutions|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry B| volume = 122 | pages = 4029–4034 | year=2018 | issue = 14 | doi= 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00518| pmid = 29611710 }} [[Solid-state electrolyte]]s also exist. In medicine and sometimes in chemistry, the term electrolyte refers to the substance that is dissolved.{{Cite book|last=Wilkins|first=Lippincott Williams &|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs0YqSKqAlcC&dq=basics+electrolyte&pg=PA18|title=Fluids and Electrolytes|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-58255-923-0|language=en}}{{Cite web|date=2011-02-02|title=electrolyte|url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/electrolyte|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-18|website=National Cancer Institute|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423090514/https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/electrolyte |archive-date=23 April 2018 }}

Electrically, such a solution is neutral. If an [[electric potential]] is applied to such a solution, the cations of the solution are drawn to the [[electrode]] that has an abundance of [[electron]]s, while the anions are drawn to the electrode that has a deficit of electrons. The movement of anions and cations in opposite directionswithin the solution amounts to a current. Some gases, such as [[hydrogen chloride]] (HCl), under conditions of high temperature or low pressure can also function as electrolytes.{{Clarify|date=January 2021}} Electrolyte solutions can also result from the dissolution of some biological (e.g., [[DNA]], [[polypeptides]]) or [[synthetic polymer]]s (e.g., [[polystyrene sulfonate]]), termed "[[polyelectrolyte]]s", which contain charged [[functional group]]s. A substance that dissociates into ions in solution or in the melt acquires the capacity to conduct electricity. [[Sodium]], [[potassium]], [[chloride]], [[calcium]], [[magnesium]], and [[phosphate]] in a liquid phase are examples of electrolytes.

Electrically, such a solution is neutral. If an [[electric potential]] is applied to such a solution, the cations of the solution are drawn to the [[electrode]] that has an abundance of [[electron]]s, while the anions are drawn to the electrode that has a deficit of electrons. The movement of anions and cations in opposite directions within the solution amounts to a current. Some gases, such as [[hydrogen chloride]] (HCl), under conditions of high temperature or low pressure can also function as electrolytes.{{Clarify|date=January 2021}} Electrolyte solutions can also result from the dissolution of some biological (e.g., [[DNA]], [[polypeptides]]) or [[synthetic polymer]]s (e.g., [[polystyrene sulfonate]]), termed "[[polyelectrolyte]]s", which contain charged [[functional group]]s. A substance that dissociates into ions in solution or in the melt acquires the capacity to conduct electricity. [[Sodium]], [[potassium]], [[chloride]], [[calcium]], [[magnesium]], and [[phosphate]] in a liquid phase are examples of electrolytes.

In medicine, [[oral rehydration therapy|electrolyte replacement]] is needed when a person has prolonged [[vomiting]] or [[diarrhea]], and as a response to sweating due to strenuous athletic activity. Commercial electrolyte solutions are available, particularly for sick children (such as [[Oral rehydration therapy|oral rehydration]] solution, [[Suero Oral]], or [[Pedialyte]]) and athletes ([[sports drink]]s). Electrolyte monitoring is important in the treatment of [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]] and [[bulimia]].

In medicine, [[oral rehydration therapy|electrolyte replacement]] is needed when a person has prolonged [[vomiting]] or [[diarrhea]], and as a response to sweating due to strenuous athletic activity. Commercial electrolyte solutions are available, particularly for sick children (such as [[Oral rehydration therapy|oral rehydration]] solution, [[Suero Oral]], or [[Pedialyte]]) and athletes ([[sports drink]]s). Electrolyte monitoring is important in the treatment of [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]] and [[bulimia]].

In science, electrolytes are one of the main components of [[electrochemical cell]]s.>{{Cite book|last=Petrovic|first=Slobodan|title=Battery technology crash course: a concise introduction|date=29 October 2020|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-030-57269-3|oclc=1202758685}}</ref>

In science, electrolytes are one of the main components of [[electrochemical cell]]s.

In clinical [[medicine]], mentions of electrolytes usually refer [[metonym]]ically to the ions, and (especially) to their [[concentration]]s (in blood, serum, urine, or other fluids). Thus, mentions of electrolyte levels usually refer to the various ion concentrations, not to the fluid volumes.

In clinical [[medicine]], mentions of electrolytes usually refer [[metonym]]ically to the ions, and (especially) to their [[concentration]]s (in blood, serum, urine, or other fluids). Thus, mentions of electrolyte levels usually refer to the various ion concentrations, not to the fluid volumes.