Caruaru
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| name |
| name = Caruaru |
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| official_name |
| official_name = City of Caruaru |
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| native_name |
| native_name = ''Cidade de Caruaru'' |
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| settlement_type |
| settlement_type = City |
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| image_skyline = {{multiple image |
| image_skyline = {{multiple image |
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| perrow = 1/2/2 |
| perrow = 1/2/2 |
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| image_flag = Caruaru Flag.png |
| image_flag = Caruaru Flag.png |
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| established_date = {{start date|1857|5|18|df=y}} |
| established_date = {{start date|1857|5|18|df=y}} |
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| established_title= Foundation |
| established_title = Foundation |
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| established_date1 = {{start date|1893|3|1|df=y}} |
| established_date1 = {{start date|1893|3|1|df=y}} |
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| established_title1 = Emancipation |
| established_title1 = Emancipation |
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| map_caption = Location of Caruaru in Pernambuco |
| map_caption = Location of Caruaru in Pernambuco |
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| coordinates = {{coord|08|16|58|S|35|58|33|W|display=inline,title}} |
| coordinates = {{coord|08|16|58|S|35|58|33|W|display=inline,title}} |
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| pushpin_map |
| pushpin_map = Brazil |
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| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Caruaru in Brazil |
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Caruaru in Brazil |
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| subdivision_type |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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| subdivision_name |
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}} |
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| subdivision_type1 |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Brazil|Region]] |
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| subdivision_name1 |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast]] |
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| subdivision_type2 |
| subdivision_type2 = [[States of Brazil|State]] |
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| subdivision_name2 |
| subdivision_name2 = [[File:Bandeira de Pernambuco.svg|border|22px]] [[Pernambuco]] |
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| subdivision_type3 = Intermediate Region |
| subdivision_type3 = Intermediate Region |
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| subdivision_name3 = Caruaru |
| subdivision_name3 = Caruaru |
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| population_total = 378048 |
| population_total = 378048 |
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| population_est = 405408 |
| population_est = 405408 |
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| pop_est_as_of = 2025 |
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| population_as_of = [[2022 Brazilian Census|2022 IBGE Census]] |
| population_as_of = [[2022 Brazilian Census|2022 IBGE Census]] |
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| blank5_info = {{BRL|20582.25}} |
| blank5_info = {{BRL|20582.25}} |
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| postal_code_type |
| postal_code_type = Postal code |
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| postal_code |
| postal_code = 55000-000 |
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| area_code |
| area_code = +55 81 |
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| timezone |
| timezone = [[Brasília Time]] |
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| utc_offset |
| utc_offset = -3 |
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| website |
| website = {{URL|http://www.caruaru.pe.gov.br/}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Caruaru''' ({{IPA|pt|caɾua'ɾu}} [[File:Loudspeaker.svg|10px]] [//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/CaruaruPronunce.ogg listen]) is a [[Municipalities of Brazil|Brazilian municipality]] in the [[States of Brazil|state]] of [[Pernambuco]], located in the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast region]] of the country. It is part of the [[Intermediate and Immediate Geographic Regions|Caruaru Intermediate Geographic Region]]. According to the 2025 census,[https://www.ibge.gov.br/cidades-e-estados/pe/caruaru.html 2025 census] its population is 405,408 inhabitants, making it the second most populous municipality in the interior of Pernambuco and the fourth most populous in the Northeast countryside, surpassed only by [[Feira de Santana]], [[Campina Grande]], and [[Petrolina]]. The municipality is situated to the [[west]] of the state capital, [[Recife]], approximately {{convert|130|km|mi}} away. It covers an area of {{convert|923.150|km2|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|59.51|km2|sqmi}} is urban.{{cite web|url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru|title=Caruaru|publisher=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)|access-date=30 April 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230430235014/https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru/panorama|archive-date=30 April 2023}}{{cite web|url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru/panorama|title=Environment - Urbanized Area (2019)|publisher=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)|access-date=2 May 2025}} |
'''Caruaru''' ({{IPA|pt|caɾua'ɾu}} [[File:Loudspeaker.svg|10px]] [//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/CaruaruPronunce.ogg listen]) is a [[Municipalities of Brazil|Brazilian municipality]] in the [[States of Brazil|state]] of [[Pernambuco]], located in the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast region]] of the country. It is part of the [[Intermediate and Immediate Geographic Regions|Caruaru Intermediate Geographic Region]]. According to the 2025 census,[https://www.ibge.gov.br/cidades-e-estados/pe/caruaru.html 2025 census] its population is 405,408 inhabitants, making it the second most populous municipality in the interior of Pernambuco and the fourth most populous in the Northeast countryside, surpassed only by [[Feira de Santana]], [[Campina Grande]], and [[Petrolina]]. The municipality is situated to the [[west]] of the state capital, [[Recife]], approximately {{convert|130|km|mi}} away. It covers an area of {{convert|923.150|km2|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|59.51|km2|sqmi}} is urban.{{cite web|url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru|title=Caruaru|publisher=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)|access-date=30 April 2023|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230430235014/https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru/panorama|archive-date=30 April 2023}}{{cite web|url=https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pe/caruaru/panorama|title=Environment - Urbanized Area (2019)|publisher=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)|access-date=2 May 2025}} |
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== History == |
== History == |
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{{multiple image |
{{multiple image |
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| align = left |
| align = left |
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| direction = vertical |
| direction = vertical |
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| width = 250 |
| width = 250 |
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| image1 = Caruaru (PE).tif |
| image1 = Caruaru (PE).tif |
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| caption1 = Caruaru, June 1966. [[National Archives of Brazil|National Archives]] |
| caption1 = Caruaru, June 1966. [[National Archives of Brazil|National Archives]] |
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| alt1 = Front |
| alt1 = Front |
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| image2 = Caruaru em setembro de 2016.jpg |
| image2 = Caruaru em setembro de 2016.jpg |
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| caption2 = Partial view of Caruaru from Monte Bom Jesus in September 2016 |
| caption2 = Partial view of Caruaru from Monte Bom Jesus in September 2016 |
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| alt2 = Back |
| alt2 = Back |
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}} |
}} |
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Due to its advantageous geographic position in the heart of the [[Agreste]], a mandatory passage for cattle transport from the ''[[Sertão]]'' to the coast, numerous agro-pastoral properties were soon established. The lands where Caruaru now stands were owned by the Vidal de Souza and Almeida Pereira families. Land sale records and parish documents confirm that the Vidal de Souza family held large tracts along the Ipojuca River, including the Caruru area. José Rodrigues’ wife was a granddaughter of pioneer João Alvares Vidal, mentioned in 1758 as a cattle ranch owner whose farm was attacked by Antônio Vieira de Mello’s henchmen. No documentation clarifies how the Caruru farm passed to José Rodrigues, whether by purchase or inheritance. Baptism records and inventory transcriptions show that José Rodrigues de Jesus was already married by 1774, the year of the earliest recorded birth of one of his children, indicating he was married well before the 1782 inauguration of the Conceição Chapel. With permission from the Olinda Bishopric in 1781, he built the Nossa Senhora da Conceição Chapel,{{harvnb|Ferreira|2021|pp=115–118}} which spurred the creation of a weekly market and became a focal point for new settlers, increasing the population in the central area. Documents from 1794 confirm the existence of a village with a "considerable number of houses," already known by its current name.{{cite web|url=http://www.bde.pe.gov.br/visualizacao/Visualizacao_formato2.aspx?CodInformacao=915&Cod=1|title=Municipal History - Caruaru|publisher=State Database - Government of Pernambuco|year=2006|page=2 (C)|access-date=8 April 2023|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926163828/http://www.bde.pe.gov.br/visualizacao/Visualizacao_formato2.aspx?CodInformacao=915&Cod=1|url-status=dead}} |
Due to its advantageous geographic position in the heart of the [[Agreste]], a mandatory passage for cattle transport from the ''[[Sertão]]'' to the coast, numerous agro-pastoral properties were soon established. The lands where Caruaru now stands were owned by the Vidal de Souza and Almeida Pereira families. Land sale records and parish documents confirm that the Vidal de Souza family held large tracts along the Ipojuca River, including the Caruru area. José Rodrigues’ wife was a granddaughter of pioneer João Alvares Vidal, mentioned in 1758 as a cattle ranch owner whose farm was attacked by Antônio Vieira de Mello’s henchmen. No documentation clarifies how the Caruru farm passed to José Rodrigues, whether by purchase or inheritance. Baptism records and inventory transcriptions show that José Rodrigues de Jesus was already married by 1774, the year of the earliest recorded birth of one of his children, indicating he was married well before the 1782 inauguration of the Conceição Chapel. With permission from the Olinda Bishopric in 1781, he built the Nossa Senhora da Conceição Chapel,{{harvnb|Ferreira|2021|pp=115–118}} which spurred the creation of a weekly market and became a focal point for new settlers, increasing the population in the central area. Documents from 1794 confirm the existence of a village with a "considerable number of houses," already known by its current name.{{cite web|url=http://www.bde.pe.gov.br/visualizacao/Visualizacao_formato2.aspx?CodInformacao=915&Cod=1|title=Municipal History - Caruaru|publisher=State Database - Government of Pernambuco|year=2006|page=2 (C)|access-date=8 April 2023|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926163828/http://www.bde.pe.gov.br/visualizacao/Visualizacao_formato2.aspx?CodInformacao=915&Cod=1|url-status=dead}} |
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