1983 Spanish local elections

Under the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|1978 Constitution]], the governance of [[municipalities in Spain]] was centered on the figure of [[Ayuntamiento (Spain)|city councils]] ({{langx|es|ayuntamientos}}), local corporations with independent [[legal person]]ality composed of a [[mayor]], a [[Local government|government council]] and an elected [[Municipal council|legislative assembly]].{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 140}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=bases 1 & 4}}. The mayor was [[indirectly elected]] by the local assembly, requiring an [[absolute majority]]; otherwise, the candidate from the most-voted party automatically became mayor (ties were resolved by [[Drawing lots (decision making)|drawing lots]]).{{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 28}}. The ''[[concejo abierto]]'' system ({{langx|en|open council|link=no}}), under which electors would directly vote for the local mayor, was reserved for municipalities under 25 inhabitants and some [[Minor local entity|minor local entities]].{{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 5}}.

Under the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|1978 Constitution]], the governance of [[municipalities in Spain]] was centered on the figure of [[Ayuntamiento (Spain)|city councils]] ({{langx|es|ayuntamientos}}), local corporations with independent [[legal person]]ality composed of a [[mayor]], a [[Local government|government council]] and an elected [[Municipal council|legislative assembly]].{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 140}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=bases 1 & 4}}. The mayor was [[indirectly elected]] by the local assembly, requiring an [[absolute majority]]; otherwise, the candidate from the most-voted party automatically became mayor (ties were resolved by [[Drawing lots (decision making)|drawing lots]]).{{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 28}}. The ''[[concejo abierto]]'' system ({{langx|en|open council|link=no}}), under which electors would directly vote for the local mayor, was reserved for municipalities under 25 inhabitants and some [[Minor local entity|minor local entities]].{{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 5}}.

[[Provincial deputation (Spain)|Provincial deputations]] were the governing bodies of [[Provinces of Spain|provinces in Spain]]—except for single-province [[Autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous communities]]{{efn|Between December 1979 and February 1983, most [[Spanish regions]] were established as autonomous communities with their own [[Statute of autonomy|statutes of autonomy]]. For [[Asturias]] (December 1981), [[Cantabria]] (December 1981), [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]] (June 1982), [[Region of Murcia]] (June 1982), [[Navarre]] (August 1982) and [[Community of Madrid]] (February 1983), provincial deputations were abolished and their powers transferred to the newly-established autonomous communities.{{harvp|EAAst|1981|loc=art. 20 & trans. prov. 2}}; {{harvp|EACtb|1981|loc=art. 31 & trans. prov. 3}}; {{harvp|EALR|1982|loc=art. 14 & trans. prov. 1}}; {{harvp|EARM|1982|loc=art. 18 & trans. prov. 2}}; {{harvp|LORAFNA|1982|loc=add. prov. 3}}; {{harvp|EACM|1983|loc=trans. prov. 4}}.}}—having an administration role of municipal activities and composed of a provincial president, an administrative body, and a plenary.{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 141}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=basis 14}}. For insular provinces, such as the [[Balearic Islands|Balearic]] and [[Canary Islands]], deputations were replaced by island councils in each of the islands or group of islands. For [[Gran Canaria]], [[Tenerife]], [[Fuerteventura]], [[La Gomera]], [[El Hierro]], [[Lanzarote]] and [[La Palma]], this figure was referred to in Spanish as ''[[cabildo insular]]'', whereas for [[Mallorca]], [[Menorca]] and [[Ibiza]]–[[Formentera]], its name was ''consejo insular'' ({{langx|ca|consell insular}}).{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 141}}; {{harvp|LBRL|1985|loc=art. 41}}.
{{bulleted list|'''Canary Islands''': {{harvp|EAC|1982|loc=arts. 7 & 22}}.|'''Balearic Islands''': {{harvp|EAIB|1983|loc=arts. 5, 18 & 37}}.}}{{efn|name="Balearic"|Amendments in 1983 determined that, for the [[Balearic Islands]], regional lawmakers were to serve as island councillors.{{harvp|EAIB|1983|loc=art. 38}}.}} The three [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque provinces]] had [[Communities of chartered regime|foral deputations]] instead (called [[General Assemblies (Basque Country)|General Assemblies]], or ''Juntas Generales'').{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=repeal. prov.}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=basis 19}}; {{harvp|Royal Decree-Law 18/1977|1977|loc=arts. 1–2 & 5}}; {{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 36}}.

[[Provincial deputation (Spain)|Provincial deputations]] were the governing bodies of [[Provinces of Spain|provinces in Spain]]—except for single-province [[Autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous communities]]{{efn|Between December 1979 and February 1983, most [[Spanish regions]] were established as autonomous communities with their own [[Statute of autonomy|statutes of autonomy]]. For [[Asturias]] (December 1981), [[Cantabria]] (December 1981), [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]] (June 1982), [[Region of Murcia]] (June 1982), [[Navarre]] (August 1982) and [[Community of Madrid]] (February 1983), provincial deputations were abolished and their powers transferred to the newly-established autonomous communities.{{harvp|EAAst|1981|loc=art. 20 & trans. prov. 2}}; {{harvp|EACtb|1981|loc=art. 31 & trans. prov. 3}}; {{harvp|EALR|1982|loc=art. 14 & trans. prov. 1}}; {{harvp|EARM|1982|loc=art. 18 & trans. prov. 2}}; {{harvp|LORAFNA|1982|loc=add. prov. 3}}; {{harvp|EACM|1983|loc=trans. prov. 4}}.}}—having an administration role of municipal activities and composed of a provincial president, an administrative body, and a plenary.{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 141}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=basis 14}}. For insular provinces, such as the [[Balearic Islands|Balearic]] and [[Canary Islands]], deputations were replaced by island councils in each of the islands or group of islands. For [[Gran Canaria]], [[Tenerife]], [[Fuerteventura]], [[La Gomera]], [[El Hierro]], [[Lanzarote]] and [[La Palma]], this figure was referred to in Spanish as ''[[cabildo insular]]'', whereas for [[Mallorca]], [[Menorca]] and [[Ibiza]]–[[Formentera]], its name was ''consejo insular'' ({{langx|ca|consell insular}}).{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=art. 141}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=basis 19}}.
{{bulleted list|'''Canary Islands''': {{harvp|EAC|1982|loc=arts. 7 & 22}}.|'''Balearic Islands''': {{harvp|EAIB|1983|loc=arts. 5, 18 & 37}}.}}{{efn|name="Balearic"|Amendments in 1983 determined that, for the [[Balearic Islands]], regional lawmakers were to serve as island councillors.{{harvp|EAIB|1983|loc=art. 38}}.}} The three [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque provinces]] had [[Communities of chartered regime|foral deputations]] instead (called [[General Assemblies (Basque Country)|General Assemblies]], or ''Juntas Generales'').{{harvp|Constitution|1978|loc=repeal. prov.}}; {{harvp|LBERL|1975|loc=basis 19}}; {{harvp|Royal Decree-Law 18/1977|1977|loc=arts. 1–2 & 5}}; {{harvp|LEL|1978|loc=art. 36}}.

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