Stress-related disorders
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== Stress == |
== Stress == |
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[[File:Portrait Hans Selye.jpg|thumb|Hungarian-Canadian Endocrinologist Hans Selye]] |
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[[Stress (psychological)|Stress]] was first defined by the Hungarian-Canadian endocrinologist, [[Hans Selye]] in 1936 as "the non-specific response of the body to any demand for change"{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=3c2YRkczSuMC&oi=fnd&pg=PA116&ots=r9RzKyU-tT&sig=JRKJPOL65SS3aCkimfw-T8HReyw#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Jaarboek Integrale Geneeskunde 2007 |publisher=Boekenservice.nl |isbn=978-90-810186-3-0 |language=nl}}. It is a psychological process initiated by events that threaten, harm or challenge an organism, or that exceed available [[Coping (psychology)|coping]] resources. Often times it is a result of mental, physical or emotional disturbances that have the potential to alter brain function. Long term alterations have a tendency to develop into stress-related disorders like PTSD, CPTSD or [[Dissociative disorder|Dissociative disorders]]{{Cite web |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/action/cookieAbsent |access-date=2026-04-20 |website=www.tandfonline.com |doi=10.1080/15299732.2021.1934936#abstract}}. |
[[Stress (psychological)|Stress]] was first defined by the Hungarian-Canadian endocrinologist, [[Hans Selye]] in 1936 as "the non-specific response of the body to any demand for change"{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=3c2YRkczSuMC&oi=fnd&pg=PA116&ots=r9RzKyU-tT&sig=JRKJPOL65SS3aCkimfw-T8HReyw#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Jaarboek Integrale Geneeskunde 2007 |publisher=Boekenservice.nl |isbn=978-90-810186-3-0 |language=nl}}. It is a psychological process initiated by events that threaten, harm or challenge an organism, or that exceed available [[Coping (psychology)|coping]] resources. Often times it is a result of mental, physical or emotional disturbances that have the potential to alter brain function. Long term alterations have a tendency to develop into stress-related disorders like PTSD, CPTSD or [[Dissociative disorder|Dissociative disorders]]{{Cite web |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/action/cookieAbsent |access-date=2026-04-20 |website=www.tandfonline.com |doi=10.1080/15299732.2021.1934936#abstract}}. |
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{{Main|Post-traumatic stress disorder}} |
{{Main|Post-traumatic stress disorder}} |
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This arises after response to a stressful event or situation of an exceptionally threatening nature and likely to cause pervasive distress (great pain, anxiety, sorrow, acute physical or mental suffering, affliction, trouble) |
This disorder arises after response to a stressful event or situation of an exceptionally threatening nature and likely to cause pervasive distress (great pain, anxiety, sorrow, acute physical or mental suffering, affliction, trouble). |
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====Causes ==== |
====Causes ==== |
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==== Typical symptoms ==== |
==== Typical symptoms ==== |
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Flashbacks are the repeated reliving of the trauma in the form of intrusive memories or dreams |
Flashbacks are the repeated reliving of the trauma in the form of intrusive memories or dreams. Intense distress at exposure to events that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event, including anniversaries of the trauma; avoidance of activities and situations reminiscent of the trauma; emotional blunting or "numbness"; a sense of detachment from other people; autonomic hyper-arousal with hyper-vigilance; an enhanced startle reaction and insomnia; marked anxiety and depression, and occasionally, suicidal ideation. |
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====Treatment==== |
====Treatment==== |
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