Paul Schüler
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== Art collection == |
== Art collection == |
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Schüler owned an important collection of paintings by contemporary artists, including art that was considered [[degenerate art]] by the Nazis. Schüler owned Picasso's 1903 blue period painting [[The Tragedy (Picasso)|The Tragedy]] (Die Armen).{{Cite web |title=Schüler, Paul German, 1876 - 1942 Provenance NGA |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/provenance-info.37733.html |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=www.nga.gov}} Until recently, art historians misspelled his name as "Schubert" based on faulty information from the art dealer [[Paul Rosenberg (art dealer)|Paul Rosenberg]].{{Cite web |title=The Tragedy, 1903 |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.46671.html#provenance |website=National Gallery of Art |date=1903 |quote=[3] The invoice from Paul Rosenberg to Chester Dale incorrectly names the prior owner as Mr. Schubert, Bochum. Information regarding Paul Schüler's ownership was kindly provided by Stefan Koldehoff (copies in NGA curatorial files). The incorrect name on the Rosenberg invoice suggests that he did not acquire the painting directly from Schüler.}} The painting is currently at the [[National Gallery of Art]] in Washington D.C. |
Schüler owned an important collection of paintings by contemporary artists, including art that was considered [[degenerate art]] by the Nazis. Schüler owned Picasso's 1903 blue period painting [[The Tragedy (Picasso)|The Tragedy]] (Die Armen).{{Cite web |title=Schüler, Paul German, 1876 - 1942 Provenance NGA |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/provenance-info.37733.html |access-date=2023-12-08 |website=www.nga.gov}} Until recently, art historians misspelled his name as "Schubert" based on faulty information from the [[art dealer]] [[Paul Rosenberg (art dealer)|Paul Rosenberg]].{{Cite web |title=The Tragedy, 1903 |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.46671.html#provenance |website=National Gallery of Art |date=1903 |quote=[3] The invoice from Paul Rosenberg to Chester Dale incorrectly names the prior owner as Mr. Schubert, Bochum. Information regarding Paul Schüler's ownership was kindly provided by Stefan Koldehoff (copies in NGA curatorial files). The incorrect name on the Rosenberg invoice suggests that he did not acquire the painting directly from Schüler.}} The painting is currently at the [[National Gallery of Art]] in Washington D.C. |
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Schüler's art collection was part of the bankruptcy estate and, much of it was sold by 1939. The remnant of the collection that remained in the possession of the family was sold piece by piece under Nazi pressure or looted by the German police. The whereabouts of most of the collection are unknown.{{Cite web |title=Bochumer Zeitpunkte: Beiträge zur Stadtgeschichte, Heimatkunde und Denkmalpflege Nr. 23. Hubert Schneider I Jüdische Familien in Bochum - ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Stadt |url=https://www.kortumgesellschaft.de/tl_files/kortumgesellschaft/content/download-ocr/zeitpunkte/Zeitpunkte-23-2009OCR.pdf}} |
Schüler's art collection was part of the bankruptcy estate and, much of it was sold by 1939. The remnant of the collection that remained in the possession of the family was sold piece by piece under Nazi pressure or looted by the German police. The whereabouts of most of the collection are unknown.{{Cite web |title=Bochumer Zeitpunkte: Beiträge zur Stadtgeschichte, Heimatkunde und Denkmalpflege Nr. 23. Hubert Schneider I Jüdische Familien in Bochum - ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Stadt |url=https://www.kortumgesellschaft.de/tl_files/kortumgesellschaft/content/download-ocr/zeitpunkte/Zeitpunkte-23-2009OCR.pdf}} |
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== Nazi-era persecution, deportation and death == |
== Nazi-era persecution, deportation and death == |
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When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, Schüler was persecuted because of his Jewish heritage. His trading license was revoked in 1938. Paul Schüler and his wife Clothilde were deported from Gelsenkirchen-Dortmund to the Riga ghetto. They were retroactively declared dead by the Bochum district court on 31.12.1945.(27.01.1942) |
When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, Schüler was persecuted because of his Jewish heritage. His trading license was revoked in 1938. Paul Schüler and his wife Clothilde were deported from Gelsenkirchen-Dortmund to the [[Riga Ghetto|Riga ghetto]]. They were retroactively declared dead by the Bochum district court on 31.12.1945.(27.01.1942) |
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His niece, [[Irmgard Schüler]] (1907- after 1962), the daughter of his brother, survived the war and became a German-Israeli art historian.{{Cite web |title=Hubert Schneider: Jüdische Familien in Bochum - ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Stadt, in: Bochumer Zeitpunkte, Nr. 23, Bochum 2009, S. 3–24 |url=https://www.kortumgesellschaft.de/tl_files/kortumgesellschaft/content/download-ocr/zeitpunkte/Zeitpunkte-23-2009OCR.pdf}} |
His niece, [[Irmgard Schüler]] (1907- after 1962), the daughter of his brother, survived the war and became a German-Israeli art historian.{{Cite web |title=Hubert Schneider: Jüdische Familien in Bochum - ihre Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der Stadt, in: Bochumer Zeitpunkte, Nr. 23, Bochum 2009, S. 3–24 |url=https://www.kortumgesellschaft.de/tl_files/kortumgesellschaft/content/download-ocr/zeitpunkte/Zeitpunkte-23-2009OCR.pdf}} |
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