Garuda Indonesia Flight 421

==NTSC investigation and report==

==NTSC investigation and report==

The final report of the Indonesian [[National Transportation Safety Committee]] (NTSC) notes that pilot training in the interpretation of weather radar images was not formal, being given only during flight training. It is considered possible that the precipitation was so dense that it attenuated the radar signals, reducing the reflections that usually indicate precipitation and making such high density appear to be a clearer path. Had the crew manipulated the radar tilt to sweep the ground during descent, they would have been aware of the risks associated with the chosen flight path. Intense noise audible in data from the cockpit voice recorder as well as damage to the nose [[radome]] and engines indicate the presence of [[hail]] with the rain. The report concludes that the hail/water density exceeded the engine tolerance at flight idle, resulting in flameout.

The final report of the Indonesian [[National Transportation Safety Committee]] (NTSC) noted that pilot training in the interpretation of weather radar images was not formal, being given only during flight training. It was considered possible that the precipitation was so dense that it attenuated the radar signals, reducing the reflections that usually indicate precipitation and making such high density appear to be a clearer path. Had the crew manipulated the radar tilt to sweep the ground during descent, they would have been aware of the risks associated with the chosen flight path. Intense noise audible in data from the cockpit voice recorder as well as damage to the nose [[radome]] and engines indicated the presence of [[hail]] with the rain. The report concluded that the hail/water density exceeded the engine tolerance at flight idle, resulting in flameout.

==Remarks by U.S. NTSB==

==Remarks by U.S. NTSB==

==Aftermath==

==Aftermath==

Garuda Indonesia also funded local road construction nearby the accident area and also built a multipurpose hall and reservoir facility in thanks for local villagers' assistance when evacuating.{{Cite web|url=https://abarky.blogspot.com/2015/01/mengenang-garuda-ga421-mendarat-di.html|title=Mengenang Garuda GA421 Mendarat di Sungai Bengawan Solo [II]|date=19 January 2015|website=abarky.blogspot.com|publisher=Indonesia Teknologi|language=id|trans-title=Commemorating Garuda GA421 Landing on the Solo River|access-date=2020-03-20}}

Garuda Indonesia also funded local road construction near the accident area and also built a multipurpose hall and reservoir facility in appreciation of local villagers' assistance in evacuating the passengers and crew.{{Cite web|url=https://abarky.blogspot.com/2015/01/mengenang-garuda-ga421-mendarat-di.html|title=Mengenang Garuda GA421 Mendarat di Sungai Bengawan Solo [II]|date=19 January 2015|website=abarky.blogspot.com|publisher=Indonesia Teknologi|language=id|trans-title=Commemorating Garuda GA421 Landing on the Solo River|access-date=2020-03-20}}

On September 28, 2018, sixteen years after the Flight 421 ditching incident, Captain Abdul Rozaq once again survived another horrific accident, when he survived the [[2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami|2018 Tsunami and Earthquake]] that occurred in the city of [[Palu]], [[Central Sulawesi]]. At that time of the accident, Captain Abdul Rozaq was flying from Makassar to Palu and had to stay overnight at the City of Palu. The hotel where the Garuda Indonesia crew stayed was located directly in front of the city beach where the tsunami occurred. However, Captain Rozaq, along with the rest of his flight crew who also had to stay overnight in the city, managed to evacuate from the hotel, which was hit very badly by the tsunami.{{Cite web |date=2025-07-14 |title=Punya Firasat Musibah Besar, Ini Perjuangan Pilot Abdul Rozak Selamat dari Gempa dan Tsunami Palu |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2018/10/03/punya-firasat-musibah-besar-ini-perjuangan-pilot-abdul-rozak-selamat-dari-gempa-dan-tsunami-palu |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=Tribunnews.com |language=id-ID}} Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia|COVID-19 pandemic]], Rozaq was reported to have retired in 2020 as the result of the downfall of travel demand during the pandemic.

On September 28, 2018, sixteen years after the Flight 421 ditching incident, Captain Abdul Rozaq once again survived another horrific accident, when he survived the [[2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami|2018 Tsunami and Earthquake]] that occurred in the city of [[Palu]], [[Central Sulawesi]]. At that time of the accident, Captain Abdul Rozaq was flying from Makassar to Palu and had to stay overnight at the City of Palu. The hotel where the Garuda Indonesia crew stayed was located directly in front of the city beach where the tsunami occurred. However, Captain Rozaq, along with the rest of his flight crew who also had to stay overnight in the city, managed to evacuate from the hotel, which was hit very badly by the tsunami.{{Cite web |date=2025-07-14 |title=Punya Firasat Musibah Besar, Ini Perjuangan Pilot Abdul Rozak Selamat dari Gempa dan Tsunami Palu |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2018/10/03/punya-firasat-musibah-besar-ini-perjuangan-pilot-abdul-rozak-selamat-dari-gempa-dan-tsunami-palu |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=Tribunnews.com |language=id-ID}} Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia|COVID-19 pandemic]], Rozaq was reported to have retired in 2020 as the result of the downfall of travel demand during the pandemic.