Ang Duong

[[File:Ang Duong Chedey.jpg|thumb|left|Stupa of Ang Duong.]]

[[File:Ang Duong Chedey.jpg|thumb|left|Stupa of Ang Duong.]]

{{further|Cambodian rebellion (1840)|Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)|Colonial Cambodia}}

{{further|Cambodian rebellion (1840)|Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)|Colonial Cambodia}}

Siam (modern-day [[Thailand]]) which since the late eighteenth century royal [[investiture]] of [[Rama I|General Chakri]] was governed by a well established dynasty and Vietnam united since 1802 under Emperor [[Gia Long]] increasingly fought over control of the fertile [[Tonlé Sap|Mekong basin]], the Cambodian heartland.{{cite news |url=http://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/buddha-chinese-deception |title= The Buddha of Chinese deception Oudong Mountain by Bou Saroeun |newspaper= Phnom Penh Post |date= 22 June 2001 |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.khmerstudies.org/download-files/events/conferences/Phnom%20Bakheng%20Workshop/Claude%20Jacques%20-%2023-40.pdf?lbisphpreq=1 |title=THistory of the Phnom Bakheng Monument |publisher=Khmer Studies |access-date=January 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626103427/http://www.khmerstudies.org/download-files/events/conferences/Phnom%20Bakheng%20Workshop/Claude%20Jacques%20-%2023-40.pdf?lbisphpreq=1 |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |url-status=dead }} Siam had after the 1594 conquest of Cambodia's capital [[Longvek]] and the permanent annexation of Cambodia's [[Battambang]] and [[Siem Reap]] provinces introduced a tradition of taking Cambodian royalty hostage and relocate them at the court of [[Ayutthaya kingdom|Ayutthaya]]. Thus, Siam effectively controlled Cambodian national policies and royal succession.{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.britannica.com/place/Lovek |title= Cambodia Lovek, the principal city of Cambodia after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese king Boromoraja II in 1431 | encyclopedia= Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.ayutthaya-history.com/Ayutthayan_Wars_1551.html |title= 1551 - WAR WITH LOVEK - During the Burmese siege of Ayutthaya in 1549 the King of Cambodia, Ang Chan… | publisher= History of Ayutthaya |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jtsMLNmMzbkC&pg=PA100 |title= The Cambridge History of Southeast edited by Nicholas Tarling |access-date=26 June 2015|isbn= 9780521663700 |last1= Tarling |first1= Nicholas |year= 1999 |publisher= Cambridge University Press }}{{cite web |url=http://michaelvickery.org/vickery1996mak.pdf |title= Mak Phœun : Histoire du Cambodge de la fin du XVIe au début du XVIIIe siècle - At the time of the invasion one group of the royal family, the reigning king and two or more princes, escaped and eventually found refuge in Laos, while another group, the king's brother and his sons, were taken as hostages to Ayutthaya | publisher= Michael Vickery’s Publications |access-date=January 24, 2017}} After initially conquering all of Cambodia during the [[Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–34)|Siamese–Vietnamese War]] of 1831 to 1834, Siam, attempting to conquer Southern Vietnam but was defeated by Vietnamese troops and pushed back. Vietnam subsequently gained military control of Cambodia and restored King [[Ang Chan II|Ang Chan]], who had been dethroned by Siam. Only a decade later Khmer discontent with increasing Vietnamese dominance among demands to adopt Vietnamese customs encouraged Siam to intervene and invade again during the [[Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–45)|Siamese–Vietnamese War]] of 1841 to 1845. Again Vietnam proved to be superior on the battlefield, however Siam was able to negotiate an agreeable peace treaty, by which Cambodia was placed under joint Siamese-Vietnamese suzerainty, a final act of complete disregard for Khmer national and royal authority.

Siam (modern-day [[Thailand]]), which since the late eighteenth-century royal [[investiture]] of [[Rama I|General Chakri]] was governed by a well established dynasty, and Vietnam, united since 1802 under Emperor [[Gia Long]], increasingly fought over control of the fertile [[Tonlé Sap|Mekong basin]], the Cambodian heartland.{{cite news |url=http://www.phnompenhpost.com/national/buddha-chinese-deception |title= The Buddha of Chinese deception Oudong Mountain by Bou Saroeun |newspaper= Phnom Penh Post |date= 22 June 2001 |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.khmerstudies.org/download-files/events/conferences/Phnom%20Bakheng%20Workshop/Claude%20Jacques%20-%2023-40.pdf?lbisphpreq=1 |title=THistory of the Phnom Bakheng Monument |publisher=Khmer Studies |access-date=January 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626103427/http://www.khmerstudies.org/download-files/events/conferences/Phnom%20Bakheng%20Workshop/Claude%20Jacques%20-%2023-40.pdf?lbisphpreq=1 |archive-date=June 26, 2015 |url-status=dead }} Siam had after the 1594 conquest of Cambodia's capital [[Longvek]] and the permanent annexation of Cambodia's [[Battambang]] and [[Siem Reap]] provinces introduced a tradition of taking Cambodian royalty hostage and relocate them at the court of [[Ayutthaya kingdom|Ayutthaya]]. Thus, Siam effectively controlled Cambodian national policies and royal succession.{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.britannica.com/place/Lovek |title= Cambodia Lovek, the principal city of Cambodia after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese king Boromoraja II in 1431 | encyclopedia= Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.ayutthaya-history.com/Ayutthayan_Wars_1551.html |title= 1551 - WAR WITH LOVEK - During the Burmese siege of Ayutthaya in 1549 the King of Cambodia, Ang Chan… | publisher= History of Ayutthaya |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jtsMLNmMzbkC&pg=PA100 |title= The Cambridge History of Southeast edited by Nicholas Tarling |access-date=26 June 2015|isbn= 9780521663700 |last1= Tarling |first1= Nicholas |year= 1999 |publisher= Cambridge University Press }}{{cite web |url=http://michaelvickery.org/vickery1996mak.pdf |title= Mak Phœun : Histoire du Cambodge de la fin du XVIe au début du XVIIIe siècle - At the time of the invasion one group of the royal family, the reigning king and two or more princes, escaped and eventually found refuge in Laos, while another group, the king's brother and his sons, were taken as hostages to Ayutthaya | publisher= Michael Vickery’s Publications |access-date=January 24, 2017}} After initially conquering all of Cambodia during the [[Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–34)|Siamese–Vietnamese War]] of 1831 to 1834, Siam, attempting to conquer Southern Vietnam but was defeated by Vietnamese troops and pushed back. Vietnam subsequently gained military control of Cambodia and restored King [[Ang Chan II|Ang Chan]], who had been dethroned by Siam. Only a decade later Khmer discontent with increasing Vietnamese dominance among demands to adopt Vietnamese customs encouraged Siam to intervene and invade again during the [[Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–45)|Siamese–Vietnamese War]] of 1841 to 1845. Again Vietnam proved to be superior on the battlefield, however Siam was able to negotiate an agreeable peace treaty, by which Cambodia was placed under joint Siamese-Vietnamese suzerainty, a final act of complete disregard for Khmer national and royal authority.

Author Justin Corfield wrote in "French Indochina": "[1807] the Vietnamese expanded their lands by establishing a protectorate over Cambodia. However king […] Ang Duong was keen on Cambodia becoming independent of [...] Thailand [...] and Vietnam [...] and sought help from the [[British Empire|British]] in [[Singapore]]. When that failed, he enlisted the help of the French." British agent John Crawfurd states: "...the King of that ancient Kingdom is ready to throw himself under the protection of any European nation..."{{cite web |url=http://www.grsmu.by/files/file/university/cafedry/gymanitarnuh-nayk/files/fiu/gpw/encyclopedia.pdf |title= Volume IV - Age of Revolution and Empire 1750 to 1900 - French Indochina by Justin Corfield | publisher= Grodno State Medical University |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{Failed verification|date=August 2022}}

Author Justin Corfield wrote in "French Indochina": "[1807] the Vietnamese expanded their lands by establishing a protectorate over Cambodia. However king […] Ang Duong was keen on Cambodia becoming independent of [...] Thailand [...] and Vietnam [...] and sought help from the [[British Empire|British]] in [[Singapore]]. When that failed, he enlisted the help of the French." British agent John Crawfurd states: "...the King of that ancient Kingdom is ready to throw himself under the protection of any European nation..."{{cite web |url=http://www.grsmu.by/files/file/university/cafedry/gymanitarnuh-nayk/files/fiu/gpw/encyclopedia.pdf |title= Volume IV - Age of Revolution and Empire 1750 to 1900 - French Indochina by Justin Corfield | publisher= Grodno State Medical University |access-date=January 24, 2017}}{{Failed verification|date=August 2022}}