Yorkshire Terrier

===Hypoallergenic coats===

===Hypoallergenic coats===

{{Main|Hypoallergenic dog breed}}

{{Main|Hypoallergenic dog breed}}

The typical fine, straight, and silky Yorkshire Terrier [[Coat (dog)|coat]] has also been listed by many popular dog information websites as being [[Hypoallergenic dog breed|hypoallergenic]]. In comparison with many other breeds, Yorkies do not shed to the same degree, losing small amounts when bathed or brushed.[http://www.entdocs.org/catallergy.htm Jeffrey Adelglass, M.D., ear, nose, throat and allergy information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201130236/http://www.entdocs.org/catallergy.htm |date=1 December 2008 }} quote: "No dog is considered non-allergenic because all dogs produce dander, saliva and urine which are the offending allergens." The dog's [[dander]] and saliva typically trigger allergic reactions.{{cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pet-allergy/DS00859/DSECTION=causes|title=Pet allergy - Symptoms and causes|website=mayoclinic.com|access-date=15 April 2018}} Allergists recognise that at times a particular allergy patient will be able to tolerate a particular dog, but they agree that "the luck of the few with their pets cannot be stretched to fit all allergic people and entire breeds of dogs."{{cite web | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B07E0D61E3DF936A35751C0A961958260&n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Animals | title = Nonallergenic Dog? Not Really | first = Denise | last = Grady | work = [[The New York Times]] | date = 5 February 1997 | access-date = 1 February 2014}} The Yorkshire Terrier coat is said to fall out only when brushed or broken, or just said to not shed.{{cite web | last =Wash | first =John | title =Yorkshire Terrier | publisher =NetPets | url=http://www.netpets.com/dogs/reference/breedinfo/submit/yorkie.html | access-date =21 February 2007}} Although neither of those statements agree with what biologists, veterinarians, and allergists know about [[dog fur]], allergists "think there really are differences in protein production between dogs that may help one patient and not another".

The typical fine, straight, and silky Yorkshire Terrier [[Coat (dog)|coat]] has also been listed by many popular dog information websites as being [[Hypoallergenic dog breed|hypoallergenic]]. In comparison with many other breeds, Yorkies do not shed to the same degree, losing small amounts when bathed or brushed.[http://www.entdocs.org/catallergy.htm Jeffrey Adelglass, M.D., ear, nose, throat and allergy information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201130236/http://www.entdocs.org/catallergy.htm |date=1 December 2008 }} quote: "No dog is considered non-allergenic because all dogs produce dander, saliva and urine which are the offending allergens." The dog's [[dander]] and saliva typically trigger allergic reactions.{{cite web|url=https://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pet-allergy/DS00859/DSECTION=causes|title=Pet allergy - Symptoms and causes|website=mayoclinic.com|access-date=15 April 2018}} Allergists recognise that at times a particular allergy patient will be able to tolerate a particular dog, but they agree that "the luck of the few with their pets cannot be stretched to fit all allergic people and entire breeds of dogs."{{cite web | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B07E0D61E3DF936A35751C0A961958260&n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Animals | title = Nonallergenic Dog? Not Really | first = Denise | last = Grady | work = [[The New York Times]] | date = 5 February 1997 | access-date = 1 February 2014}} The Yorkshire Terrier coat is said to fall out only when brushed or broken, or just said to not shed.{{cite web | last =Wash | first =John | title =Yorkshire Terrier | publisher =NetPets | url=http://www.netpets.com/dogs/reference/breedinfo/submit/yorkie.html | access-date =21 February 2007}} Although neither of those statements agree with what biologists, veterinarians, and allergists know about [[dog fur]], allergists "think there really are differences in protein production between dogs that may help one patient and not another".

[[File:Trachealkollaps.png|thumb|Tracheal collapse]]

[[File:Trachealkollaps.png|thumb|Tracheal collapse]]

*[[Tracheal collapse]], caused by a progressive weakening of the walls of the [[Vertebrate trachea|trachea]], occurs in many toy breeds, especially very tiny Yorkies.{{cite web | last =Degner | first =Danial | title =Tracheal Collapse | publisher =Vet Surgery Central Inc. | year =2004 | url =http://www.vetsurgerycentral.com/tracheal_collapse.htm | access-date =4 March 2007}} As a result of genetics, the walls of the trachea can be flaccid, a condition that becomes more severe with age. [[Cushing's syndrome (veterinary)|Cushing's syndrome]], a disorder that causes production of excess steroid hormone by the adrenal glands, can also weaken cartilage and lead to tracheal collapse.{{cite web|url=http://cavalierhealth.net/cushing.htm|title=Cushing's Disease & the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel|website=cavalierhealth.net|access-date=15 April 2018}} There is a possibility that physical strain on the neck might cause or contribute to trachea collapse. Since this is usually caused by an energetic Yorkie pulling against his collar, many veterinarians recommend use of a harness for leashed walks. An occasional "goose honking" cough, especially on exertion or excitement, is usually the first sign of this condition. Over time, the cough may become almost constant in the Yorkie's later life. Breathing through the obstruction of a collapsed (or partially collapsed) trachea for many years can result in complications, including chronic lung disease. The coughing can be countered with [[Cough medicine|cough suppressant]]s and [[bronchodilator]]s. If the collapse is advanced and unresponsive to medication, sometimes surgery can repair the trachea.

*[[Tracheal collapse]], caused by a progressive weakening of the walls of the [[Vertebrate trachea|trachea]], occurs in many toy breeds, especially very tiny Yorkies.{{cite web | last =Degner | first =Danial | title =Tracheal Collapse | publisher =Vet Surgery Central Inc. | year =2004 | url =http://www.vetsurgerycentral.com/tracheal_collapse.htm | access-date =4 March 2007}} As a result of genetics, the walls of the trachea can be flaccid, a condition that becomes more severe with age. [[Cushing's syndrome (veterinary)|Cushing's syndrome]], a disorder that causes production of excess steroid hormone by the adrenal glands, can also weaken cartilage and lead to tracheal collapse.{{cite web|url=http://cavalierhealth.net/cushing.htm|title=Cushing's Disease & the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel|website=cavalierhealth.net|access-date=15 April 2018}} There is a possibility that physical strain on the neck might cause or contribute to trachea collapse. Since this is usually caused by an energetic Yorkie pulling against his collar, many veterinarians recommend use of a harness for leashed walks. An occasional "goose honking" cough, especially on exertion or excitement, is usually the first sign of this condition. Over time, the cough may become almost constant in the Yorkie's later life. Breathing through the obstruction of a collapsed (or partially collapsed) trachea for many years can result in complications, including chronic lung disease. The coughing can be countered with [[Cough medicine|cough suppressant]]s and [[bronchodilator]]s. If the collapse is advanced and unresponsive to medication, sometimes surgery can repair the trachea.

*Yorkshire Terriers are highly susceptible to periodontal disease. From a BMC Veterinary Research study found that "98% of the dogs had at least one tooth or aspect with early periodontitis at 37 weeks of age."{{Cite journal |last=Wallis |first=Corrin |last2=Pesci |first2=Ilaria |last3=Colyer |first3=Alison |last4=Milella |first4=Lisa |last5=Southernden |first5=Peter |last6=Holcombe |first6=Lucy J. |last7=Desforges |first7=Neil |date=2019 |title=A longitudinal assessment of periodontal disease in Yorkshire terriers |journal=BMC Veterinary Research |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=207 |doi=10.1186/s12917-019-1923-8}}

A UK study found the Yorkshire Terrier to be 6.79 times more likely to acquire impaired hepatic perfusion compared to other dogs.{{cite journal | last1=Bandara | first1=Y. | last2=Bayton | first2=W. A. | last3=Williams | first3=T. L. | last4=Scase | first4=T. | last5=Bexfield | first5=N. H. | title=Histopathological frequency of canine hepatobiliary disease in the United Kingdom | journal=Journal of Small Animal Practice | volume=62 | issue=9 | date=2021 | issn=0022-4510 | doi=10.1111/jsap.13354 | pages=730–736 | pmid=34155648 }}

A UK study found the Yorkshire Terrier to be 6.79 times more likely to acquire impaired hepatic perfusion compared to other dogs.{{cite journal | last1=Bandara | first1=Y. | last2=Bayton | first2=W. A. | last3=Williams | first3=T. L. | last4=Scase | first4=T. | last5=Bexfield | first5=N. H. | title=Histopathological frequency of canine hepatobiliary disease in the United Kingdom | journal=Journal of Small Animal Practice | volume=62 | issue=9 | date=2021 | issn=0022-4510 | doi=10.1111/jsap.13354 | pages=730–736 | pmid=34155648 }}

===Docking and Cropping===

===Docking and Cropping===

{{Main|Docking (dog)}}

{{Main|Docking (dog)}}

Traditionally, the Yorkshire Terrier's tail is docked to a medium length.{{cite web|title=FCI-Standard |url=http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/086gb2009_en.doc |access-date=7 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831162939/http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/086gb2009_en.doc |archive-date=31 August 2012 }} Opposition to this practice began very early in the history of the breed; Hugh Dalziel, writing about Yorkshire Terriers in 1878, declared that "There is no reason for mutilating pet dogs, and perfect ears and tails should be bred, not clipped into shape with scissors." AKC and [[Canadian Kennel Club]] still require the Yorkie's tail be docked in order to compete at its events. The majority of the rest of the world has adopted a "no docking/no [[Cropping (animal)|cropping]]" rule.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}

Traditionally, the Yorkshire Terrier's tail is docked to a medium length.{{cite web|title=FCI-Standard |url=http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/086gb2009_en.doc |access-date=7 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831162939/http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/086gb2009_en.doc |archive-date=31 August 2012 }} Opposition to this practice began very early in the history of the breed; Hugh Dalziel, writing about Yorkshire Terriers in 1878, declared that "There is no reason for mutilating pet dogs, and perfect ears and tails should be bred, not clipped into shape with scissors." AKC and [[Canadian Kennel Club]] still require the Yorkie's tail be docked in order to compete at its events. The majority of the rest of the world has adopted a "no docking/no [[Cropping (animal)|cropping]]" rule.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}