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The '''whooping crane''' ('''''Grus americana''''') is an [[endangered]] [[Crane (bird)|crane]] species, native to [[North America]],[{{cite web |title=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |url=https://tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/whooper/ |website=tpwd.texas.gov |access-date=27 September 2023}}] with an estimated 22–30+ year life expectancy in the wild.[{{cite book |last1=Urbanek |first1=R.P.|last2=Lewis |first2=J.C.|editor-first1=Alan F. |editor-last1=Poole |title=Birds of the World |chapter=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |version=1.0|date=2020 |publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology |location=Ithaca, New York |chapter-url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/whocra/1.0/introduction |doi = 10.2173/bow.whocra.01}}] After being pushed to the brink of extinction by unregulated hunting and loss of habitat that left just 21 wild (and two captive) cranes by 1941, the whooping crane made a partial recovery through conservation efforts.[{{cite web |url=https://fws.gov/species/whooping-crane-grus-americana| title = Whooping Crane, ''Grus americana'' | publisher = [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service|U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service]] | access-date=30 April 2022}}][{{Cite book |last=Martin |first=Laura J. |title=[[Wild by Design]]: The Rise of Ecological Restoration |date=2022 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-97942-0 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts}}] The total number of cranes in the surviving migratory population, plus three reintroduced flocks and in-captivity, only slightly exceeds 830 birds {{asof|2025|lc=y}}. This includes about 560 individuals in the remnant population that migrates between coastal [[Texas]],USA, and the Northwest Territories, Canada, which is termed the "[[Aransas National Wildlife Refuge|Aransas]]-[[Wood Buffalo National Park|Wood Buffalo]] Population" after the protected areas that anchor the population's wintering and breeding ranges, respectively. Additionally, there are about 140 individuals in two reintroduced populations breeding in [[Wisconsin]] and [[Louisiana]], USA, and an additional 130 individuals in captivity.[{{cite web |title=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |url=https://savingcranes.org/species/whooping-crane/ |website=www.savingcranes.org |access-date=12 October 2025}}][{{Cite report | last1 = McAbee | first1 = Kevin | last2 = Conkin| first2 = John |title = Whooping Crane Status: 2023 Breeding Season to 2024 Spring Migration | date=2025|publisher = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service| location = Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA | url = https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025-04/2023-2024-whcr-recovery-activities-report-final-with-appendices_8.pdf}}] |
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The '''whooping crane''' ('''''Grus americana''''') is an [[endangered]] [[Crane (bird)|crane]] species, native to [[North America]],[{{cite web |title=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |url=https://tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/whooper/ |website=tpwd.texas.gov |access-date=27 September 2023}}] with an estimated 22–30+ year life expectancy in the wild.[{{cite book |last1=Urbanek |first1=R.P.|last2=Lewis |first2=J.C.|editor-first1=Alan F. |editor-last1=Poole |title=Birds of the World |chapter=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |version=1.0|date=2020 |publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology |location=Ithaca, New York |chapter-url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/whocra/1.0/introduction |doi = 10.2173/bow.whocra.01}}] After being pushed to the brink of extinction by unregulated hunting and loss of habitat that left just 21 wild (and two captive) cranes by 1941, the whooping crane made a partial recovery through conservation efforts.[{{cite web |url=https://fws.gov/species/whooping-crane-grus-americana| title = Whooping Crane, ''Grus americana'' | publisher = [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service|U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service]] | access-date=30 April 2022}}][{{Cite book |last=Martin |first=Laura J. |title=[[Wild by Design]]: The Rise of Ecological Restoration |date=2022 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-97942-0 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts}}] The total number of cranes in the surviving migratory population, plus three reintroduced flocks and in-captivity, only slightly exceeds 830 birds {{asof|2025|lc=y}}. This includes about 560 individuals in the remnant population that migrates between coastal [[Texas]], USA, and the Northwest Territories, Canada, which is termed the "[[Aransas National Wildlife Refuge|Aransas]]-[[Wood Buffalo National Park|Wood Buffalo]] Population" after the protected areas that anchor the population's wintering and breeding ranges, respectively. Additionally, there are about 140 individuals in two reintroduced populations breeding in [[Wisconsin]] and [[Louisiana]], USA, and an additional 130 individuals in captivity.[{{cite web |title=Whooping Crane (Grus americana) |url=https://savingcranes.org/species/whooping-crane/ |website=www.savingcranes.org |access-date=12 October 2025}}][{{Cite report | last1 = McAbee | first1 = Kevin | last2 = Conkin| first2 = John |title = Whooping Crane Status: 2023 Breeding Season to 2024 Spring Migration | date=2025|publisher = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service| location = Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA | url = https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025-04/2023-2024-whcr-recovery-activities-report-final-with-appendices_8.pdf}}] |
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