User:Noahgr8ce/Sustainable Development Goals
environmental sustainability addition
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== Article Draft ==
Original prose - plain, '''my edits - bold,''' ''my copyedits - italics.''
=== Weak on environmental sustainability ===
Scholars have criticized that the SDGs "fail to recognize that planetary, people and prosperity concerns are all part of one earth system, and that the protection of [[planetary integrity]] should not be a means to an end, but an end in itself."{{Cite journal |last=van Norren |first=Dorine E. |date=2020-09-01 |title=The Sustainable Development Goals viewed through Gross National Happiness, Ubuntu, and Buen Vivir |journal=International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics |language=en |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=431–458 |bibcode=2020IEAPL..20..431V |doi=10.1007/s10784-020-09487-3 |issn=1573-1553 |doi-access=free}}{{rp|147}} The SDGs "remain fixated on the idea that economic growth is foundational to achieve all pillars of sustainable development."{{rp|147}} They do not prioritize [[environmental protection]].{{rp|144}} In regions still dependent on fossil fuels, the rapid growth and profitability of AI infrastructure is creating economic incentives to invest in clean energy. However, AI-driven expansion has also led to higher emissions, revealing a tension between economic growth and sustainable goals.{{Cite journal |last=Young |first=Jeff |date=October 4, 2024 |title=Climate Hero or Villain? |url= |journal=Newsweek Global |volume=183 |issue=9 |pages=20–27 |via=Academic Search Complete}}'''Many environmentalists advocate for a redefining of sustainable development in how it is understood in the SDGs to "reconcile economic growth with maintaining the Earth system."'''{{Cite journal |last=Lim |first=Michelle M. L. |last2=Søgaard Jørgensen |first2=Peter |last3=Wyborn |first3=Carina A. |date=2018 |title=Reframing the sustainable development goals to achieve sustainable development in the Anthropocene—a systems approach |url=https://doi.org/10.5751/es-10182-230322 |journal=Ecology and Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |doi=10.5751/es-10182-230322 |issn=1708-3087}} '''Some of the key critical actors that need to be addressed in order to mend the gap between them are: 1) "education and innovation," 2) "governance and implementation," and 3) "sustainable consumption and production."'''{{Cite journal |last=Lim |first=Michelle M. L. |last2=Søgaard Jørgensen |first2=Peter |last3=Wyborn |first3=Carina A. |date=2018 |title=Reframing the sustainable development goals to achieve sustainable development in the Anthropocene—a systems approach |url=https://doi.org/10.5751/es-10182-230322 |journal=Ecology and Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |doi=10.5751/es-10182-230322 |issn=1708-3087}} '''Critiques stem not only from the lack of prioritization of environmental protection, but also how the SDG goals may contradict or affect one another with trade-offs or overlaps needing to be attended to. This marks a significance placed not just on our current generation, but maintaining the "planetary must-haves" for future generations as well through human development and advancing its protections.'''
The SDGs include three environment-focused SDGs, which are Goal 13, 14 and 15 (climate, land and oceans), but there is no overarching environmental or planetary goal.{{rp|144}} The SDGs do not pursue planetary integrity as such.{{rp|144}}
Environmental constraints and [[planetary boundaries]] are underrepresented within the SDGs. For instance, the way the current SDGs are structured leads to a negative correlation between environmental sustainability and SDGs, with most indicators within even the sustainability-focused goals focusing on social or economic outcomes.{{cite journal |last1=Wackernagel |first1=Mathis |last2=Hanscom |first2=Laurel |last3=Lin |first3=David |date=11 July 2017 |title=Making the Sustainable Development Goals Consistent with Sustainability |journal=Frontiers in Energy Research |volume=5 |article-number=18 |bibcode=2017FrER....5...18W |doi=10.3389/fenrg.2017.00018 |doi-access=free}} They could unintentionally promote [[Environmental degradation|environmental destruction]] in the name of sustainable development.{{Cite web |last=The University of Queensland |date=6 July 2020 |title=Latest U.N. sustainability goals pose more harm than good for environment, scientists warn |url=https://phys.org/news/2020-07-latest-sustainability-goals-pose-good.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706163936/https://phys.org/news/2020-07-latest-sustainability-goals-pose-good.html |archive-date=6 July 2020 |access-date=27 August 2020 |website=phys.org}}{{cite journal |last1=Zeng |first1=Yiwen |last2=Maxwell |first2=Sean |last3=Runting |first3=Rebecca K. |last4=Venter |first4=Oscar |last5=Watson |first5=James E. M. |last6=Carrasco |first6=L. Roman |date=October 2020 |title=Environmental destruction not avoided with the Sustainable Development Goals |journal=Nature Sustainability |volume=3 |issue=10 |pages=795–798 |bibcode=2020NatSu...3..795Z |doi=10.1038/s41893-020-0555-0 |s2cid=220260626}}
Certain studies also argue that the focus of the SDGs on [[neoliberal]] sustainable development is detrimental to planetary integrity and justice.{{Cite journal |last1=Biermann |first1=Frank |last2=Hickmann |first2=Thomas |last3=Sénit |first3=Carole-Anne |last4=Beisheim |first4=Marianne |last5=Bernstein |first5=Steven |last6=Chasek |first6=Pamela |last7=Grob |first7=Leonie |last8=Kim |first8=Rakhyun E. |last9=Kotzé |first9=Louis J. |last10=Nilsson |first10=Måns |last11=Ordóñez Llanos |first11=Andrea |last12=Okereke |first12=Chukwumerije |last13=Pradhan |first13=Prajal |last14=Raven |first14=Rob |last15=Sun |first15=Yixian |date=2022-06-20 |title=Scientific evidence on the political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals |journal=Nature Sustainability |language=en |volume=5 |issue=9 |pages=795–800 |bibcode=2022NatSu...5..795B |doi=10.1038/s41893-022-00909-5 |hdl=2066/253734 |issn=2398-9629 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}} [[File:CC-BY_icon.svg|50x50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]] Both of these ambitions (planetary integrity and justice) would require limits to economic growth.{{rp|145}}
Scientists have proposed several ways to address the weaknesses regarding environmental sustainability in the SDGs:
* The monitoring of essential variables to better capture the essence of coupled environmental and social systems that underpin sustainable development, helping to guide coordination and systems transformation.{{cite journal |last1=Reyers |first1=Belinda |last2=Stafford-Smith |first2=Mark |last3=Erb |first3=Karl-Heinz |last4=Scholes |first4=Robert J |last5=Selomane |first5=Odirilwe |date=June 2017 |title=Essential Variables help to focus Sustainable Development Goals monitoring |journal=Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability |volume=26–27 |pages=97–105 |bibcode=2017COES...26...97R |doi=10.1016/j.cosust.2017.05.003 |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-002E-1851-0 |s2cid=113715479 |hdl-access=free}}
* More attention to the context of the biophysical systems in different places (e.g., coastal [[River delta|river deltas]], mountain areas){{cite journal |last1=Scown |first1=Murray W. |date=November 2020 |title=The Sustainable Development Goals need geoscience |journal=Nature Geoscience |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=714–715 |bibcode=2020NatGe..13..714S |doi=10.1038/s41561-020-00652-6 |hdl=1874/410039 |s2cid=225071652 |hdl-access=free}}{{cite journal |last1=Kulonen |first1=Aino |last2=Adler |first2=Carolina |last3=Bracher |first3=Christoph |last4=Dach |first4=Susanne Wymann von |date=2019 |title=Spatial context matters in monitoring and reporting on Sustainable Development Goals: Reflections based on research in mountain regions |journal=GAIA – Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=90–94 |bibcode=2019GEPSS..28...90K |doi=10.14512/gaia.28.2.5 |hdl=20.500.11850/350274 |s2cid=197775743 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}
* Better understanding of feedbacks across scales in space (e.g., through [[globalization]]) and time (e.g., affecting future generations) that could ultimately determine the success or failure of the SDGs.{{cite journal |last1=Reyers |first1=Belinda |last2=Selig |first2=Elizabeth R. |date=August 2020 |title=Global targets that reveal the social–ecological interdependencies of sustainable development |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=1011–1019 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4.1011R |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1230-6 |hdl=2263/78221 |pmid=32690904 |s2cid=220656353 |hdl-access=free}}
[[Category:Wikipedia Student Program]]
== Article Draft ==
Original prose - plain, '''my edits - bold,''' ''my copyedits - italics.''
=== Weak on environmental sustainability ===
Scholars have criticized that the SDGs "fail to recognize that planetary, people and prosperity concerns are all part of one earth system, and that the protection of [[planetary integrity]] should not be a means to an end, but an end in itself."{{Cite journal |last=van Norren |first=Dorine E. |date=2020-09-01 |title=The Sustainable Development Goals viewed through Gross National Happiness, Ubuntu, and Buen Vivir |journal=International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics |language=en |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=431–458 |bibcode=2020IEAPL..20..431V |doi=10.1007/s10784-020-09487-3 |issn=1573-1553 |doi-access=free}}{{rp|147}} The SDGs "remain fixated on the idea that economic growth is foundational to achieve all pillars of sustainable development."{{rp|147}} They do not prioritize [[environmental protection]].{{rp|144}} In regions still dependent on fossil fuels, the rapid growth and profitability of AI infrastructure is creating economic incentives to invest in clean energy. However, AI-driven expansion has also led to higher emissions, revealing a tension between economic growth and sustainable goals.{{Cite journal |last=Young |first=Jeff |date=October 4, 2024 |title=Climate Hero or Villain? |url= |journal=Newsweek Global |volume=183 |issue=9 |pages=20–27 |via=Academic Search Complete}}'''Many environmentalists advocate for a redefining of sustainable development in how it is understood in the SDGs to "reconcile economic growth with maintaining the Earth system."'''{{Cite journal |last=Lim |first=Michelle M. L. |last2=Søgaard Jørgensen |first2=Peter |last3=Wyborn |first3=Carina A. |date=2018 |title=Reframing the sustainable development goals to achieve sustainable development in the Anthropocene—a systems approach |url=https://doi.org/10.5751/es-10182-230322 |journal=Ecology and Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |doi=10.5751/es-10182-230322 |issn=1708-3087}} '''Some of the key critical actors that need to be addressed in order to mend the gap between them are: 1) "education and innovation," 2) "governance and implementation," and 3) "sustainable consumption and production."'''{{Cite journal |last=Lim |first=Michelle M. L. |last2=Søgaard Jørgensen |first2=Peter |last3=Wyborn |first3=Carina A. |date=2018 |title=Reframing the sustainable development goals to achieve sustainable development in the Anthropocene—a systems approach |url=https://doi.org/10.5751/es-10182-230322 |journal=Ecology and Society |volume=23 |issue=3 |doi=10.5751/es-10182-230322 |issn=1708-3087}} '''Critiques stem not only from the lack of prioritization of environmental protection, but also how the SDG goals may contradict or affect one another with trade-offs or overlaps needing to be attended to. This marks a significance placed not just on our current generation, but maintaining the "planetary must-haves" for future generations as well through human development and advancing its protections.'''
The SDGs include three environment-focused SDGs, which are Goal 13, 14 and 15 (climate, land and oceans), but there is no overarching environmental or planetary goal.{{rp|144}} The SDGs do not pursue planetary integrity as such.{{rp|144}}
Environmental constraints and [[planetary boundaries]] are underrepresented within the SDGs. For instance, the way the current SDGs are structured leads to a negative correlation between environmental sustainability and SDGs, with most indicators within even the sustainability-focused goals focusing on social or economic outcomes.{{cite journal |last1=Wackernagel |first1=Mathis |last2=Hanscom |first2=Laurel |last3=Lin |first3=David |date=11 July 2017 |title=Making the Sustainable Development Goals Consistent with Sustainability |journal=Frontiers in Energy Research |volume=5 |article-number=18 |bibcode=2017FrER....5...18W |doi=10.3389/fenrg.2017.00018 |doi-access=free}} They could unintentionally promote [[Environmental degradation|environmental destruction]] in the name of sustainable development.{{Cite web |last=The University of Queensland |date=6 July 2020 |title=Latest U.N. sustainability goals pose more harm than good for environment, scientists warn |url=https://phys.org/news/2020-07-latest-sustainability-goals-pose-good.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706163936/https://phys.org/news/2020-07-latest-sustainability-goals-pose-good.html |archive-date=6 July 2020 |access-date=27 August 2020 |website=phys.org}}{{cite journal |last1=Zeng |first1=Yiwen |last2=Maxwell |first2=Sean |last3=Runting |first3=Rebecca K. |last4=Venter |first4=Oscar |last5=Watson |first5=James E. M. |last6=Carrasco |first6=L. Roman |date=October 2020 |title=Environmental destruction not avoided with the Sustainable Development Goals |journal=Nature Sustainability |volume=3 |issue=10 |pages=795–798 |bibcode=2020NatSu...3..795Z |doi=10.1038/s41893-020-0555-0 |s2cid=220260626}}
Certain studies also argue that the focus of the SDGs on [[neoliberal]] sustainable development is detrimental to planetary integrity and justice.{{Cite journal |last1=Biermann |first1=Frank |last2=Hickmann |first2=Thomas |last3=Sénit |first3=Carole-Anne |last4=Beisheim |first4=Marianne |last5=Bernstein |first5=Steven |last6=Chasek |first6=Pamela |last7=Grob |first7=Leonie |last8=Kim |first8=Rakhyun E. |last9=Kotzé |first9=Louis J. |last10=Nilsson |first10=Måns |last11=Ordóñez Llanos |first11=Andrea |last12=Okereke |first12=Chukwumerije |last13=Pradhan |first13=Prajal |last14=Raven |first14=Rob |last15=Sun |first15=Yixian |date=2022-06-20 |title=Scientific evidence on the political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals |journal=Nature Sustainability |language=en |volume=5 |issue=9 |pages=795–800 |bibcode=2022NatSu...5..795B |doi=10.1038/s41893-022-00909-5 |hdl=2066/253734 |issn=2398-9629 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}} [[File:CC-BY_icon.svg|50x50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]] Both of these ambitions (planetary integrity and justice) would require limits to economic growth.{{rp|145}}
Scientists have proposed several ways to address the weaknesses regarding environmental sustainability in the SDGs:
* The monitoring of essential variables to better capture the essence of coupled environmental and social systems that underpin sustainable development, helping to guide coordination and systems transformation.{{cite journal |last1=Reyers |first1=Belinda |last2=Stafford-Smith |first2=Mark |last3=Erb |first3=Karl-Heinz |last4=Scholes |first4=Robert J |last5=Selomane |first5=Odirilwe |date=June 2017 |title=Essential Variables help to focus Sustainable Development Goals monitoring |journal=Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability |volume=26–27 |pages=97–105 |bibcode=2017COES...26...97R |doi=10.1016/j.cosust.2017.05.003 |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-002E-1851-0 |s2cid=113715479 |hdl-access=free}}
* More attention to the context of the biophysical systems in different places (e.g., coastal [[River delta|river deltas]], mountain areas){{cite journal |last1=Scown |first1=Murray W. |date=November 2020 |title=The Sustainable Development Goals need geoscience |journal=Nature Geoscience |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=714–715 |bibcode=2020NatGe..13..714S |doi=10.1038/s41561-020-00652-6 |hdl=1874/410039 |s2cid=225071652 |hdl-access=free}}{{cite journal |last1=Kulonen |first1=Aino |last2=Adler |first2=Carolina |last3=Bracher |first3=Christoph |last4=Dach |first4=Susanne Wymann von |date=2019 |title=Spatial context matters in monitoring and reporting on Sustainable Development Goals: Reflections based on research in mountain regions |journal=GAIA – Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=90–94 |bibcode=2019GEPSS..28...90K |doi=10.14512/gaia.28.2.5 |hdl=20.500.11850/350274 |s2cid=197775743 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}
* Better understanding of feedbacks across scales in space (e.g., through [[globalization]]) and time (e.g., affecting future generations) that could ultimately determine the success or failure of the SDGs.{{cite journal |last1=Reyers |first1=Belinda |last2=Selig |first2=Elizabeth R. |date=August 2020 |title=Global targets that reveal the social–ecological interdependencies of sustainable development |journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=8 |pages=1011–1019 |bibcode=2020NatEE...4.1011R |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1230-6 |hdl=2263/78221 |pmid=32690904 |s2cid=220656353 |hdl-access=free}}
[[Category:Wikipedia Student Program]]
