Unplaced in APG II
Parasites: cite Q allows bluelinks to DOis and authors
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Four of the unplaced genera, and all three of the unplaced families of APG II consist of [[Chlorophyll|achlorophyllous]] [[Parasitic plant|holoparasites]]. In these, the [[chloroplast]] [[gene]]s that are usually used in phylogenetic studies of angiosperms have become nonfunctional [[pseudogene]]s. If these [[Mutation rate|evolve rapidly]], they may be saturated with repeated [[mutation]]s at the same site and consequently not be useful for phylogenetic reconstruction.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} |
Four of the unplaced genera, and all three of the unplaced families of APG II consist of [[Chlorophyll|achlorophyllous]] [[Parasitic plant|holoparasites]]. In these, the [[chloroplast]] [[gene]]s that are usually used in phylogenetic studies of angiosperms have become nonfunctional [[pseudogene]]s. If these [[Mutation rate|evolve rapidly]], they may be saturated with repeated [[mutation]]s at the same site and consequently not be useful for phylogenetic reconstruction.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} |
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The relationships of some parasitic taxa have been elucidated in studies of [[Cell nucleus|nuclear]] and [[mitochondrial]] DNA sequences. But these sequences sometimes produce [[Artifact (error)|artifactual]] [[topologies]] in the [[phylogenetic tree]], because [[horizontal gene transfer]] often occurs between parasites and their [[Host (biology)|hosts]]. |
The relationships of some parasitic taxa have been elucidated in studies of [[Cell nucleus|nuclear]] and [[mitochondrial]] DNA sequences. But these sequences sometimes produce [[Artifact (error)|artifactual]] [[topologies]] in the [[phylogenetic tree]], because [[horizontal gene transfer]] often occurs between parasites and their [[Host (biology)|hosts]].{{cite Q|Q21283977}} |
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==''Bdallophyton'' and ''Cytinus''== |
==''Bdallophyton'' and ''Cytinus''== |
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