Second lady

=== Spouse of the vice president ===

=== Spouse of the vice president ===

{{Main|Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States}}The role of the second spouse is unpaid and not formally defined.{{Cite book |last=Gore |first=Tipper |title=Picture This: A Visual Diary |publisher=Broadway Books |year=1996 |isbn=9780553067200 |location=New York |pages=1}} The wife of the vice president of the United States was traditionally expected to serve as a hostess and appear at society functions.{{Cite book |last=O'Brien |first=Cormac |title=Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House |publisher=Quirk Books |year=2005 |isbn=9781594740145 |location=Philadelphia |pages=184,238,271}}{{Cite web |last=Shogan |first=Colleen |title=Second Spouses – Historical Development of an Official Role |url=https://www.whitehousehistory.org/second-spouses |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=The White House Historical Association}} As the [[Office of the Vice President of the United States|Office of the Vice President]] itself gained power and influence, the spouse of the vice president also became more visible. Second Lady [[Lady Bird Johnson]] often replaced First Lady [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline Kennedy]] when she withdrew from public appearances.{{Cite book |last=Troy |first=Gil |title=Affairs of State: The Rise and Rejection of the Presidential Couple Since World War II |publisher=Free Press |year=1997 |isbn=0684828200 |location=New York |pages=120}} [[Pat Nixon]], wife of Vice President [[Richard Nixon]], was the first second spouse to add a great deal of substance to the role, traveling independently of the vice president and setting her own event schedule. Historian [[Kate Andersen Brower]] wrote, "she helped to define this nebulous role for an entire generation of women who would succeed her."{{cite web |last=Brower |first=Kate Andersen |date=June 24, 2018 |title=Remembering Pat Nixon: A fearless first and second lady |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/393855-remembering-pat-nixon-a-fearless-first-and-second-lady/ |access-date=August 6, 2018 |website=The Hill}} Subsequent second ladies also had their own issues which they advocated, such as education reform and literacy.{{Cite book |last=O'Brien |first=Cormac |title=Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House |publisher=Quirk Books |year=2005 |isbn=9781594740145 |location=Philadelphia |pages=184,238,271}}{{cite web |title=Mrs. Lynne Cheney |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/mrscheney/ |access-date=October 13, 2008 |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}

{{Main|Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States}}The role of the second lady is unpaid and not formally defined.{{Cite book |last=Gore |first=Tipper |title=Picture This: A Visual Diary |publisher=Broadway Books |year=1996 |isbn=9780553067200 |location=New York |pages=1}} The wife of the vice president of the United States was traditionally expected to serve as a hostess and appear at society functions.{{Cite book |last=O'Brien |first=Cormac |title=Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House |publisher=Quirk Books |year=2005 |isbn=9781594740145 |location=Philadelphia |pages=184,238,271}}{{Cite web |last=Shogan |first=Colleen |title=Second Spouses – Historical Development of an Official Role |url=https://www.whitehousehistory.org/second-spouses |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=The White House Historical Association}} As the [[Office of the Vice President of the United States|Office of the Vice President]] itself gained power and influence, the spouse of the vice president also became more visible. Second Lady [[Lady Bird Johnson]] often replaced First Lady [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline Kennedy]] when she withdrew from public appearances.{{Cite book |last=Troy |first=Gil |title=Affairs of State: The Rise and Rejection of the Presidential Couple Since World War II |publisher=Free Press |year=1997 |isbn=0684828200 |location=New York |pages=120}} [[Pat Nixon]], wife of Vice President [[Richard Nixon]], was the first second spouse to add a great deal of substance to the role, traveling independently of the vice president and setting her own event schedule. Historian [[Kate Andersen Brower]] wrote, "she helped to define this nebulous role for an entire generation of women who would succeed her."{{cite web |last=Brower |first=Kate Andersen |date=June 24, 2018 |title=Remembering Pat Nixon: A fearless first and second lady |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/393855-remembering-pat-nixon-a-fearless-first-and-second-lady/ |access-date=August 6, 2018 |website=The Hill}} Subsequent second ladies also had their own issues which they advocated, such as education reform and literacy.{{Cite book |last=O'Brien |first=Cormac |title=Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What your teachers never told you about the women of the White House |publisher=Quirk Books |year=2005 |isbn=9781594740145 |location=Philadelphia |pages=184,238,271}}{{cite web |title=Mrs. Lynne Cheney |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/mrscheney/ |access-date=October 13, 2008 |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}

==== Usage of title ====

==== Usage of title ====