Margaret Brown
clean up, typo(s) fixed: December 17, 2024 → December 17, 2024,
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{{Short description|American Titanic survivor (1867–1932)}} |
{{Short description|American Titanic survivor (1867–1932)}} |
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{{similar names|Margaret Brown (disambiguation)|Molly Brown (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Infobox person |
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'''Margaret Brown''' (née '''Tobin'''; July 18, 1867 – October 26, 1932), posthumously known as the "'''Unsinkable Molly Brown'''", was an American [[socialite]] and philanthropist. She was a survivor of the [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']], which [[Sinking of the RMS Titanic|sank in 1912]], and she unsuccessfully urged the crew in [[Titanic Lifeboat No. 6|Lifeboat No. 6]] to return to the debris field to look for survivors.{{Cite book |last=Barczewski |first=Stephanie L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYX4s1_6IlEC&pg=PA30 |title=Titanic: A Night Remembered |date=2004-01-01 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-1-85285-434-8 |language=en |pages=30–31}} |
'''Margaret Brown''' (née '''Tobin'''; July 18, 1867 – October 26, 1932), posthumously known as the "'''Unsinkable Molly Brown'''", was an American [[socialite]] and philanthropist. She was a survivor of the [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']], which [[Sinking of the RMS Titanic|sank in 1912]], and she unsuccessfully urged the crew in [[Titanic Lifeboat No. 6|Lifeboat No. 6]] to return to the debris field to look for survivors.{{Cite book |last=Barczewski |first=Stephanie L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYX4s1_6IlEC&pg=PA30 |title=Titanic: A Night Remembered |date=2004-01-01 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-1-85285-434-8 |language=en |pages=30–31}} |
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During her lifetime, her friends called her "Maggie", but by her death, obituaries referred to her as the "Unsinkable Mrs. Brown".{{Cite news |date=1932-11-01 |title=Quiet Services Held for 'Unsinkable Mrs. Brown' |pages=2 |work=The San Bernardino County Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/108932299/quiet-services-held-for-unsinkable/ |access-date=2022-09-04}} [[Gene Fowler]] referred to her as "Molly Brown" in his 1933 book ''[[Gene Fowler#Books|Timber Line]]''.{{Cite news |date=1933-11-02 |title=Books and Things – Gene Fowler's "Timber Line" book mentions Molly Brown |pages=6 |work=The Charleston Daily Mail |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123760565/books-and-things-gene-fowlers/ |access-date=2023-05-01}} The following year, she was referred to as the "Unsinkable Mrs. Brown" and "Molly Brown" in newspapers.{{Cite news |date=1934-01-11 |title=Deeds of Heroism Seemed the Natural Action of "The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown" |pages=16 |work=The Kansas City Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123846806/deeds-of-heroism-seemed-the-natural/ |access-date=2023-05-01}} |
During her lifetime, her friends called her "Maggie", but by her death, obituaries referred to her as the "Unsinkable Mrs. Brown".{{Cite news |date=1932-11-01 |title=Quiet Services Held for 'Unsinkable Mrs. Brown' |pages=2 |work=The San Bernardino County Sun |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/108932299/quiet-services-held-for-unsinkable/ |access-date=2022-09-04}} [[Gene Fowler]] referred to her as "Molly Brown" in his 1933 book ''[[Gene Fowler#Books|Timber Line]]''.{{Cite news |date=1933-11-02 |title=Books and Things – Gene Fowler's "Timber Line" book mentions Molly Brown |pages=6 |work=The Charleston Daily Mail |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123760565/books-and-things-gene-fowlers/ |access-date=2023-05-01}} The following year, she was referred to as the "Unsinkable Mrs. Brown" and "Molly Brown" in newspapers.{{Cite news |date=1934-01-11 |title=Deeds of Heroism Seemed the Natural Action of "The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown" |pages=16 |work=The Kansas City Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123846806/deeds-of-heroism-seemed-the-natural/ |access-date=2023-05-01}} |
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The 1960 [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] [[musical theater|musical]] ''[[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (musical)|The Unsinkable Molly Brown]]'' with music and lyrics by [[Meredith Willson]] and book by Richard Morris is a fictionalized account of the life of Brown. The musical was subsequently made into the 1964 [[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Debbie Reynolds]]. Brown has been portrayed on television and in film by [[Thelma Ritter]], [[Cloris Leachman]], [[Marilu Henner]] and [[Kathy Bates]]. |
The 1960 [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] [[musical theater|musical]] ''[[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (musical)|The Unsinkable Molly Brown]]'' with music and lyrics by [[Meredith Willson]] and book by Richard Morris is a fictionalized account of the life of Brown. The musical was subsequently made into the 1964 [[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (film)|film of the same name]] starring [[Debbie Reynolds]]. Brown has been portrayed on television and in film by [[Thelma Ritter]], [[Cloris Leachman]], [[Marilu Henner]] and [[Kathy Bates]]. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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In 1914, six years before the [[Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Nineteenth Amendment]] granted women the right to vote, Brown ran for Colorado's U.S. Senate seat, but she ended her campaign to serve abroad as the director of the [[American Committee for Devastated France]] during [[World War I]]. Also in 1914, she contributed to miners and their families after the 1914 [[Ludlow Massacre]] and she helped organize the International Women's Rights conference that year, which was held in [[Newport, Rhode Island]].{{Cite book |last=Elias |first=Megan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=79R4WDcTNmoC&pg=PA39 |title=Colorado: The Centennial State |date=2002 |publisher=Gareth Stevens |isbn=978-0-8368-5130-4 |language=en}} |
In 1914, six years before the [[Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Nineteenth Amendment]] granted women the right to vote, Brown ran for Colorado's U.S. Senate seat, but she ended her campaign to serve abroad as the director of the [[American Committee for Devastated France]] during [[World War I]]. Also in 1914, she contributed to miners and their families after the 1914 [[Ludlow Massacre]] and she helped organize the International Women's Rights conference that year, which was held in [[Newport, Rhode Island]].{{Cite book |last=Elias |first=Megan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=79R4WDcTNmoC&pg=PA39 |title=Colorado: The Centennial State |date=2002 |publisher=Gareth Stevens |isbn=978-0-8368-5130-4 |language=en}} |
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During and after World War I, she worked in France with the [[Red Cross]] and later with the [[American Committee for Devastated France]] to help wounded French and American soldiers and rebuild areas behind the front line. For her work organizing female ambulance drivers, nurses, and food distributors, Brown was awarded the [[French Legion of Honor]] in 1932. |
During and after World War I, she worked in France with the [[Red Cross]] and later with the [[American Committee for Devastated France]] to help wounded French and American soldiers and rebuild areas behind the front line. For her work organizing female ambulance drivers, nurses, and food distributors, Brown was awarded the [[French Legion of Honor]] in 1932. |
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J.J. Brown died on September 5, 1922.{{rp|220}} Margaret told newspapers that although she had met royalty and other great people around the world, "I've never met a finer, bigger, more worthwhile man than J.J. Brown."{{rp|217}} J.J. Brown left vast, yet complicated, real estate, mining, and stock holdings. It was unknown to the Browns and their lawyers how much was left in the estate. Prior to J.J.'s death, he had transferred a large amount of money to his children. Their children were also unaware of how much money Margaret had, but were displeased at the large amounts she spent on charity. Margaret Brown and her children fought in court for six years to settle the estate.{{rp|220–221}} |
J.J. Brown died on September 5, 1922.{{rp|220}} Margaret told newspapers that although she had met royalty and other great people around the world, "I've never met a finer, bigger, more worthwhile man than J.J. Brown."{{rp|217}} J.J. Brown left vast, yet complicated, real estate, mining, and stock holdings. It was unknown to the Browns and their lawyers how much was left in the estate. Prior to J.J.'s death, he had transferred a large amount of money to his children. Their children were also unaware of how much money Margaret had, but were displeased at the large amounts she spent on charity. Margaret Brown and her children fought in court for six years to settle the estate.{{rp|220–221}} |
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On November 3, 1960, the Broadway musical ''[[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (musical)|The Unsinkable Molly Brown]]'' opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] in New York City with music by [[Meredith Willson]] and [[Libretto|book]] by Richard Morris. It starred [[Tammy Grimes]] as Molly Brown and ran for 532 performances. The 1964 [[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (film)|film of the same name]] starred [[Debbie Reynolds]]; who was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Brown. |
On November 3, 1960, the Broadway musical ''[[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (musical)|The Unsinkable Molly Brown]]'' opened at the [[Winter Garden Theatre]] in New York City with music by [[Meredith Willson]] and [[Libretto|book]] by Richard Morris. It starred [[Tammy Grimes]] as Molly Brown and ran for 532 performances. The 1964 [[The Unsinkable Molly Brown (film)|film of the same name]] starred [[Debbie Reynolds]]; who was nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Brown. |
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The three-room cottage where Brown was born is now the Molly Brown Birthplace and Museum; it sat at 600 Butler Street in [[Hannibal, Missouri]] until 2024. After dealing with issues of black mold for years, on December 17, 2024 the Molly Brown Birthplace was moved to Main Street in Hannibal, across the street from the Mark Twain boyhood home.{{cite web | title=Molly Brown House relocated to Main Street, boosting accessibility and preservation | date=December 17, 2024 | url=https://khqa.com/news/local/molly-brown-house-relocated-to-main-street-boosting-accessibility-and-preservation }} |
The three-room cottage where Brown was born is now the Molly Brown Birthplace and Museum; it sat at 600 Butler Street in [[Hannibal, Missouri]] until 2024. After dealing with issues of black mold for years, on December 17, 2024, the Molly Brown Birthplace was moved to Main Street in Hannibal, across the street from the Mark Twain boyhood home.{{cite web | title=Molly Brown House relocated to Main Street, boosting accessibility and preservation | date=December 17, 2024 | url=https://khqa.com/news/local/molly-brown-house-relocated-to-main-street-boosting-accessibility-and-preservation }} |
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The theme park [[Disneyland Paris]] features a 19th-century riverboat attraction, the Molly Brown Riverboat, named after her.{{cite web| url=https://www.disneylandparis.com/en-gb/attractions/disneyland-park/thunder-mesa-riverboat-landing/ |publisher=Disneyland Paris | title= Thunder Mesa Riverboat Landing | access-date=March 25, 2023 }} In 1965, astronauts [[Gus Grissom]] and [[John Young (astronaut)|John Young]] named their [[Gemini 3|Gemini]] spacecraft ''Molly Brown'' in her honor.{{cite book | last=Schefter | first=J. | title=The Race: The Complete True Story of How America Beat Russia to the Moon | publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-307-75686-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IwXsOeH-n28C&pg=PA210 | access-date=March 17, 2024 | page=210}} |
The theme park [[Disneyland Paris]] features a 19th-century riverboat attraction, the Molly Brown Riverboat, named after her.{{cite web| url=https://www.disneylandparis.com/en-gb/attractions/disneyland-park/thunder-mesa-riverboat-landing/ |publisher=Disneyland Paris | title= Thunder Mesa Riverboat Landing | access-date=March 25, 2023 }} In 1965, astronauts [[Gus Grissom]] and [[John Young (astronaut)|John Young]] named their [[Gemini 3|Gemini]] spacecraft ''Molly Brown'' in her honor.{{cite book | last=Schefter | first=J. | title=The Race: The Complete True Story of How America Beat Russia to the Moon | publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-307-75686-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IwXsOeH-n28C&pg=PA210 | access-date=March 17, 2024 | page=210}} |
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{{RMS Titanic}} |
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{{Colorado Women's Hall of Fame}} |
{{Colorado Women's Hall of Fame}} |
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