John Hammond (Jurassic Park)

[[Roger Ebert]], reviewing the first film, found Hammond to have limited characterization, writing "there was an opportunity here to make his character grand and original, colorful and oversize, and instead he comes across as unfocused and benign."{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=Jurassic Park |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/jurassic-park-1993 |website=RogerEbert.com/ |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 11, 1993}}

[[Roger Ebert]], reviewing the first film, found Hammond to have limited characterization, writing "there was an opportunity here to make his character grand and original, colorful and oversize, and instead he comes across as unfocused and benign."{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=Jurassic Park |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/jurassic-park-1993 |website=RogerEbert.com/ |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 11, 1993}}

In 2015, [[Neil Mitchell (radio presenter)|Neil Mitchell]] of the [[British Film Institute]] listed Hammond among Attenborough's most essential performances: "Charming, sophisticated and single-minded, Hammond was also deeply flawed, a personality trait Attenborough always excelled at portraying. The veteran actor brought a lifetime's experience to a character as myopic as he was visionary."{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Neil |date=25 August 2015 |title=Richard Attenborough: 10 essential performances |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/richard-attenborough-10-essential-performances |access-date=2023-01-04 |website=BFI |language=en}} In 2017, Tom Chapman from ''[[ScreenRant]]'' ranked Hammond as the fifth best character in the film series, writing "it is hard to imagine the first film without Attenborough's cane-wielding performance." He added, "As the jolly mad scientist, Jurassic Park literally owes its entire creation to Hammond".{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-greatest-best-characters-ever-t-rex/|title=Jurassic Park's 15 Greatest Characters Of All Time|author-last=Chapman|author-first=Tom |access-date=June 24, 2024|website=[[Screen Rant]] |date=22 February 2017 }}

In 2015, [[Neil Mitchell (radio presenter)|Neil Mitchell]] of the [[British Film Institute]] listed Hammond among Attenborough's most essential performances: "Charming, sophisticated and single-minded, Hammond was also deeply flawed, a personality trait Attenborough always excelled at portraying. The veteran actor brought a lifetime's experience to a character as myopic as he was visionary."{{Cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Neil |date=25 August 2015 |title=Richard Attenborough: 10 essential performances |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/richard-attenborough-10-essential-performances |access-date=2023-01-04 |website=BFI |language=en}} In 2017, Tom Chapman from ''[[Screen Rant]]'' ranked Hammond as the fifth best character in the film series, writing "it is hard to imagine the first film without Attenborough's cane-wielding performance." He added, "As the jolly mad scientist, Jurassic Park literally owes its entire creation to Hammond".{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-greatest-best-characters-ever-t-rex/|title=Jurassic Park's 15 Greatest Characters Of All Time|author-last=Chapman|author-first=Tom |access-date=June 24, 2024|website=[[Screen Rant]] |date=22 February 2017 }}

Around the first film's 30th anniversary, several media outlets examined Hammond's role, generally deeming him a subtle villain. Simon Gallagher of ''ScreenRant'' argued that Hammond deserved to die for his "insatiable ambition that fundamentally disrespects nature".{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Simon |title=Why Jurassic Park Cut Hammond's Death (& Ruined The Ending) |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-hammond-death-cut-ruined-why/ |website=ScreenRant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=August 29, 2020}} Sean Pagnotti of ''[[Collider (website)|Collider]]'' called him a "capitalist monster" and a "charming embodiment of [[Toxic positivity|toxic positive]] manifestation", writing that it is "not unusual to feel sorry for the poor, old billionaire" due to his charisma and Attenborough's performance.{{cite web |last=Pagnotti |first=Sean |title=John Hammond Was 'Jurassic Park's Real Monster |url=https://collider.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-monster/ |website=Collider |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=March 23, 2024}} Noting the Lockwood backstory provided in the ''Jurassic World'' films, Ray Clough of ''[[MovieWeb]]'' wrote, "Acting as the ultimate hypocrite, Hammond would state that creating a cloned human was unholy and morally corrupt, despite the fact that he was doing the same thing with a once-extinct species."{{cite web |last=Clough |first=Ray |title=Jurassic Park: Why John Hammond Is Actually a Villain |url=https://movieweb.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-villain/ |website=MovieWeb |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=May 19, 2023}} Ben Sherlock, also of ''ScreenRant'', believed that the storyline throughout the films would have turned out differently had Hammond remained a full antagonist in the original film, suggesting for example that he might have encouraged human cloning in the interest of profit.{{cite web |last=Sherlock |first=Ben |title=Jurassic Park's Original John Hammond Change Transformed The Entire $6 Billion Franchise |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-villain-change-franchise-different/ |website=ScreenRant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=April 25, 2024}}

Around the first film's 30th anniversary, several media outlets examined Hammond's role, generally deeming him a subtle villain. Simon Gallagher of ''Screen Rant'' argued that Hammond deserved to die for his "insatiable ambition that fundamentally disrespects nature".{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Simon |title=Why Jurassic Park Cut Hammond's Death (& Ruined The Ending) |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-hammond-death-cut-ruined-why/ |website=Screen Rant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=August 29, 2020}} Sean Pagnotti of ''[[Collider (website)|Collider]]'' called him a "capitalist monster" and a "charming embodiment of [[Toxic positivity|toxic positive]] manifestation", writing that it is "not unusual to feel sorry for the poor, old billionaire" due to his charisma and Attenborough's performance.{{cite web |last=Pagnotti |first=Sean |title=John Hammond Was 'Jurassic Park's Real Monster |url=https://collider.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-monster/ |website=Collider |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=March 23, 2024}} Noting the Lockwood backstory provided in the ''Jurassic World'' films, Ray Clough of ''[[MovieWeb]]'' wrote, "Acting as the ultimate hypocrite, Hammond would state that creating a cloned human was unholy and morally corrupt, despite the fact that he was doing the same thing with a once-extinct species."{{cite web |last=Clough |first=Ray |title=Jurassic Park: Why John Hammond Is Actually a Villain |url=https://movieweb.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-villain/ |website=MovieWeb |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=May 19, 2023}} Ben Sherlock, also of ''Screen Rant'', believed that the storyline throughout the films would have turned out differently had Hammond remained a full antagonist in the original film, suggesting for example that he might have encouraged human cloning in the interest of profit.{{cite web |last=Sherlock |first=Ben |title=Jurassic Park's Original John Hammond Change Transformed The Entire $6 Billion Franchise |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-villain-change-franchise-different/ |website=Screen Rant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=April 25, 2024}}

Tara Bennett of ''[[Syfy Wire]]'' called Hammond the worst villain in the film series: "We know this ranking will be controversial, but don't let that grandfatherly look fool you." Bennett noted that dinosaurs roam the world again in ''Jurassic World Dominion'' because Hammond helped resurrect them in the first place.{{cite web |last=Bennett |first=Tara |title=The Dinosaurs Aren't the Real Bad Guys: The Worst Human Villains in the Jurassic Movies |url=https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/jurassic-park-world-dominion-human-villains-ranked |website=Syfy Wire |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=July 5, 2023}} Rory Piñata of ''MovieWeb'' likewise blamed Hammond for the events of the first film and subsequent events in the later films, and also felt that he deserved to die for his greed. Lisa Nordin of ''Collider'' called Hammond a complex character, not easily identifiable as either a "hero" or "villain".{{cite web |last=Nordin |first=Lisa |title=10 Best Characters in the 'Jurassic Park' Movies, Ranked |url=https://collider.com/jurassic-park-characters-best-ranked/ |website=Collider |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 4, 2024}}

Tara Bennett of ''[[Syfy Wire]]'' called Hammond the worst villain in the film series: "We know this ranking will be controversial, but don't let that grandfatherly look fool you." Bennett noted that dinosaurs roam the world again in ''Jurassic World Dominion'' because Hammond helped resurrect them in the first place.{{cite web |last=Bennett |first=Tara |title=The Dinosaurs Aren't the Real Bad Guys: The Worst Human Villains in the Jurassic Movies |url=https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/jurassic-park-world-dominion-human-villains-ranked |website=Syfy Wire |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=July 5, 2023}} Rory Piñata of ''MovieWeb'' likewise blamed Hammond for the events of the first film and subsequent events in the later films, and also felt that he deserved to die for his greed. Lisa Nordin of ''Collider'' called Hammond a complex character, not easily identifiable as either a "hero" or "villain".{{cite web |last=Nordin |first=Lisa |title=10 Best Characters in the 'Jurassic Park' Movies, Ranked |url=https://collider.com/jurassic-park-characters-best-ranked/ |website=Collider |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 4, 2024}}

==Other media==

==Other media==

Attenborough voiced Hammond in two video games: ''[[Chaos Island: The Lost World]]'' (1997),{{cite web |url= http://www.cdmag.com/Home/|title= Command & Conquer Lite, you know...for kids|date= January 29, 1998|last= Yans|first= Cindy|website= [[Computer Games Magazine]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20030704232855/http://www.cdmag.com/articles/010/024/chaos_island_review.html|archive-date= July 4, 2003}} and ''[[Trespasser (video game)|Trespasser]]'' (1998). The latter features Hammond's memoirs, narrated to the player throughout the game.{{cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Trespasser: a groundbreaking disaster with a great Richard Attenborough performance |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/trespasser-a-groundbreaking-disaster-with-a-great-richard-attenborough-performance/ |website=PC Gamer |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 1, 2018}} A 22-part fan-made prequel series, focusing on Hammond's life, was released online in 2021, using clips from the films and the memoirs from ''Trespasser''.{{cite web |last=Bollettieri |first=Spencer |title=Jurassic Park's Perfect Prequel Already Exists - Watch Hammond's Origin |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-prequel-movie-hammond-origin-perfect-pitch/ |website=ScreenRant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=January 1, 2022}}

Attenborough voiced Hammond in two video games: ''[[Chaos Island: The Lost World]]'' (1997),{{cite web |url= http://www.cdmag.com/Home/|title= Command & Conquer Lite, you know...for kids|date= January 29, 1998|last= Yans|first= Cindy|website= [[Computer Games Magazine]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20030704232855/http://www.cdmag.com/articles/010/024/chaos_island_review.html|archive-date= July 4, 2003}} and ''[[Trespasser (video game)|Trespasser]]'' (1998). The latter features Hammond's memoirs, narrated to the player throughout the game.{{cite web |last=Kelly |first=Andy |title=Trespasser: a groundbreaking disaster with a great Richard Attenborough performance |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/trespasser-a-groundbreaking-disaster-with-a-great-richard-attenborough-performance/ |website=PC Gamer |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 1, 2018}} A 22-part fan-made prequel series, focusing on Hammond's life, was released online in 2021, using clips from the films and the memoirs from ''Trespasser''.{{cite web |last=Bollettieri |first=Spencer |title=Jurassic Park's Perfect Prequel Already Exists - Watch Hammond's Origin |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-prequel-movie-hammond-origin-perfect-pitch/ |website=Screen Rant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=January 1, 2022}}

Hammond also appears in the games ''[[Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis]]'' (2003), ''[[Jurassic World Evolution]]'' (2018) and ''[[Jurassic World Evolution 2]]'' (2021). He is voiced by [[Bud Tingwell]] in ''Operation Genesis'',{{cite web |title=John Hammond |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Jurassic-Park-Operation-Genesis/John-Hammond/ |website=Behind the Voice Actors |access-date=June 24, 2024}} and by [[Mackenzie Gray]] in the ''Evolution'' games.{{cite web |last=Leane |first=Rob |title=How the Jurassic World Evolution game reunited the original film's cast |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/games/how-jurassic-world-evolution-return-to-jurassic-park-dlc-reunites-sam-neill-jeff-goldblum-and-laura-dern/ |website=Den of Geek |access-date=28 November 2019 |date=27 November 2019 |archive-date=28 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128173059/https://www.denofgeek.com/uk/games/jurassic-world/68774/how-jurassic-world-evolution-return-to-jurassic-park-dlc-reunites-sam-neill-jeff-goldblum-and-laura-dern |url-status=live }} The statue from the first ''Jurassic World'' film was also briefly available to players of ''[[Jurassic World Evolution 2]]'' (2021).{{cite web |last=Sheehan |first=Gavin |title=Jurassic World Evolution 2 Celebrates Second Anniversary |url=https://bleedingcool.com/games/jurassic-world-evolution-2-celebrates-second-anniversary/ |website=BleedingCool |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=November 10, 2023}} Some of Attenborough's dialogue from the films was re-used in trailers for the ''Jurassic World'' films.{{cite web |last=Plumb |first=Ali |title=Richard Attenborough's John Hammond Narrates New Jurassic World Teaser |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/richard-attenborough-john-hammond-narrates-new-jurassic-world-teaser/ |website=Empire |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=May 19, 2015}}{{cite web |last=Orquiola |first=John |title=Dominion Trailer's Hammond Narration Gets His Jurassic Park Dream Wrong |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-world-dominion-trailer-hammond-voiceover-dream-wrong/ |website=ScreenRant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=February 12, 2022}} The character and first film are spoofed in a 2015 episode of ''[[Sesame Street]]'', with [[Cookie Monster]] taking on the role of Hammond.{{cite web |last=Anderton |first=Ethan |title=LOL: Cookie Monster Is John Hammond In Sesame Street 'Jurassic Park' Spoof |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/538141/sesame-street-jurassic-park/ |website=SlashFilm |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 9, 2015}}

Hammond also appears in the games ''[[Jurassic Park: Operation Genesis]]'' (2003), ''[[Jurassic World Evolution]]'' (2018) and ''[[Jurassic World Evolution 2]]'' (2021). He is voiced by [[Bud Tingwell]] in ''Operation Genesis'',{{cite web |title=John Hammond |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Jurassic-Park-Operation-Genesis/John-Hammond/ |website=Behind the Voice Actors |access-date=June 24, 2024}} and by [[Mackenzie Gray]] in the ''Evolution'' games.{{cite web |last=Leane |first=Rob |title=How the Jurassic World Evolution game reunited the original film's cast |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/games/how-jurassic-world-evolution-return-to-jurassic-park-dlc-reunites-sam-neill-jeff-goldblum-and-laura-dern/ |website=Den of Geek |access-date=28 November 2019 |date=27 November 2019 |archive-date=28 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128173059/https://www.denofgeek.com/uk/games/jurassic-world/68774/how-jurassic-world-evolution-return-to-jurassic-park-dlc-reunites-sam-neill-jeff-goldblum-and-laura-dern |url-status=live }} The statue from the first ''Jurassic World'' film was also briefly available to players of ''[[Jurassic World Evolution 2]]'' (2021).{{cite web |last=Sheehan |first=Gavin |title=Jurassic World Evolution 2 Celebrates Second Anniversary |url=https://bleedingcool.com/games/jurassic-world-evolution-2-celebrates-second-anniversary/ |website=BleedingCool |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=November 10, 2023}} Some of Attenborough's dialogue from the films was re-used in trailers for the ''Jurassic World'' films.{{cite web |last=Plumb |first=Ali |title=Richard Attenborough's John Hammond Narrates New Jurassic World Teaser |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/richard-attenborough-john-hammond-narrates-new-jurassic-world-teaser/ |website=Empire |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=May 19, 2015}}{{cite web |last=Orquiola |first=John |title=Dominion Trailer's Hammond Narration Gets His Jurassic Park Dream Wrong |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-world-dominion-trailer-hammond-voiceover-dream-wrong/ |website=Screen Rant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=February 12, 2022}} The character and first film are spoofed in a 2015 episode of ''[[Sesame Street]]'', with [[Cookie Monster]] taking on the role of Hammond.{{cite web |last=Anderton |first=Ethan |title=LOL: Cookie Monster Is John Hammond In Sesame Street 'Jurassic Park' Spoof |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/538141/sesame-street-jurassic-park/ |website=SlashFilm |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 9, 2015}}

Although [[Jurassic Park (franchise)#Toys|''Jurassic Park'' toys]] had existed since 1993, Hammond did not receive an action figure until 2019, when [[Mattel]] released one in limited quantity for the 2019 [[San Diego Comic-Con]].{{cite web |last=Burwick |first=Kevin |title=John Hammond Is Getting His Own Jurassic Park Action Figure at Comic-Con |url=https://movieweb.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-action-figure-comic-con-2019/ |website=MovieWeb |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=July 10, 2019}}{{cite web |last=Liszewski |first=Andrew |title=You'll Spare No Expense for This Comic-Con Exclusive Jurassic Park John Hammond Figure |url=https://gizmodo.com/youll-spare-no-expense-for-this-comic-con-exclusive-jur-1835513535 |website=Gizmodo |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 17, 2019}} The company subsequently released a Hammond figure as part of its Amber Collection.{{cite web |last=Anderton |first=Ethan |title=Cool Stuff: 'Jurassic Park' Amber Collection Adds John Hammond And Ellie Sattler Action Figures |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/581447/jurassic-park-amber-collection-action-figures/ |website=SlashFilm |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 3, 2021}}

Although [[Jurassic Park (franchise)#Toys|''Jurassic Park'' toys]] had existed since 1993, Hammond did not receive an action figure until 2019, when [[Mattel]] released one in limited quantity for the 2019 [[San Diego Comic-Con]].{{cite web |last=Burwick |first=Kevin |title=John Hammond Is Getting His Own Jurassic Park Action Figure at Comic-Con |url=https://movieweb.com/jurassic-park-john-hammond-action-figure-comic-con-2019/ |website=MovieWeb |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=July 10, 2019}}{{cite web |last=Liszewski |first=Andrew |title=You'll Spare No Expense for This Comic-Con Exclusive Jurassic Park John Hammond Figure |url=https://gizmodo.com/youll-spare-no-expense-for-this-comic-con-exclusive-jur-1835513535 |website=Gizmodo |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 17, 2019}} The company subsequently released a Hammond figure as part of its Amber Collection.{{cite web |last=Anderton |first=Ethan |title=Cool Stuff: 'Jurassic Park' Amber Collection Adds John Hammond And Ellie Sattler Action Figures |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/581447/jurassic-park-amber-collection-action-figures/ |website=SlashFilm |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 3, 2021}}

Hammond's death in the novel is referenced in the third season of ''[[Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous]]'', when Yaz repeats a story she heard about the original park owner being eaten alive by ''Procompsognathus'' after breaking his ankle. Darius then says that Hammond died of natural causes.{{cite web |last=Mithaiwala |first=Mansoor |title=Jurassic World Makes John Hammond's Original Death A Conspiracy Theory In Canon |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-world-park-book-john-hammond-death-legend/ |website=ScreenRant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 8, 2021}}

Hammond's death in the novel is referenced in the third season of ''[[Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous]]'', when Yaz repeats a story she heard about the original park owner being eaten alive by ''Procompsognathus'' after breaking his ankle. Darius then says that Hammond died of natural causes.{{cite web |last=Mithaiwala |first=Mansoor |title=Jurassic World Makes John Hammond's Original Death A Conspiracy Theory In Canon |url=https://screenrant.com/jurassic-world-park-book-john-hammond-death-legend/ |website=Screen Rant |access-date=June 24, 2024 |date=June 8, 2021}}

==Notes==

==Notes==