Florida upland hardwood forest

==Description==

==Description==

The upland hardwood forest biome is a closed canopy forest containing deciduous and evergreen trees in the canopy and subcanopy, as well as shrubs in the subcanopy. [[Limestone]] outcrops are common in Upland Hardwood Forests.{{cite web|title=Upland Hardwood Forest|url=http://www.fnai.org/PDF/NC/Upland_Hardwood_Forest_Final_2010.pdf|publisher=Florida Natural Areas Inventory|accessdate=19 August 2020|archive-date=31 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031003539/https://www.fnai.org/PDF/NC/Upland_Hardwood_Forest_Final_2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}

The upland hardwood forest biome is a closed canopy forest containing deciduous and evergreen trees in the canopy and subcanopy, as well as shrubs in the subcanopy. [[Limestone]] outcrops are common in Upland Hardwood Forests.{{cite web|title=Upland Hardwood Forest|url=http://www.fnai.org/PDF/NC/Upland_Hardwood_Forest_Final_2010.pdf|publisher=Florida Natural Areas Inventory|accessdate=19 August 2020|archive-date=31 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031003539/https://www.fnai.org/PDF/NC/Upland_Hardwood_Forest_Final_2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}

Common species of Upland Hardwood Forests are southern magnolia (''[[Magnolia grandiflora]]''), Pignut Hickory (''[[Carya glabra]]''), American sweetgum (''[[Liquidambar styraciflua]]''), Florida Maple (''[[Acer floridanum]]''), Live Oak (''[[Quercus virginiana]]''), Laurel Oak (''[[Quercus hemisphaerica]]''), Swamp Chestnut Oak (''[[Quercus michauxii]]''), White Ash (''[[Fraxinus americana]]''), Loblolly Pine (''[[Pinus taeda]]''), American Beech (''[[Fagus grandifolia]]''), and Spruce Pine (''[[Pinus glabra]]''). The mid-story canopy consists of American Holly (''[[Ilex opaca]]''), Redbay (''[[Persea borbonia]]''), American Hornbeam (''[[Carpinus caroliniana]]''), Gum bully (''[[Sideroxylon lanuginosum]]''), Devil's Walkingstick (''[[Aralia spinosa]]''), American Hophornbeam (''[[Ostrya virginiana]]''), Flowering Dogwood (''[[Cornus florida]]''), Eastern Redbud (''[[Cercis canadensis]]''), Winged Elm (''[[Ulmus alata]]''), and Black cherry (''[[Prunus serotina]]''). In the [[Florida Panhandle]] the Upland Hardwood Forest contains several species that are more common north of there. In the Florida [[Peninsula]] the amount of evergreens increases and species richness decreases as northern deciduous species (American Beech, White Oak) reach their southern limits. Upland Hardwood Forest in [[Central Florida]], at the southern end of its range (especially along the Brooksville Ridge), is often hard to differentiate from [[Southern coastal plain oak dome and hammock|Mesic Hammock]].

Common species of Upland Hardwood Forests are southern magnolia (''[[Magnolia grandiflora]]''), Pignut Hickory (''[[Carya glabra]]''), American sweetgum (''[[Liquidambar styraciflua]]''), Florida Maple (''[[Acer floridanum]]''), Live Oak (''[[Quercus virginiana]]''), Laurel Oak (''[[Quercus hemisphaerica]]''), Swamp Chestnut Oak (''[[Quercus michauxii]]''), White Ash (''[[Fraxinus americana]]''), loblolly pine (''[[Pinus taeda]]''), American Beech (''[[Fagus grandifolia]]''), and Spruce Pine (''[[Pinus glabra]]''). The mid-story canopy consists of American Holly (''[[Ilex opaca]]''), Redbay (''[[Persea borbonia]]''), American Hornbeam (''[[Carpinus caroliniana]]''), Gum bully (''[[Sideroxylon lanuginosum]]''), Devil's Walkingstick (''[[Aralia spinosa]]''), American Hophornbeam (''[[Ostrya virginiana]]''), Flowering Dogwood (''[[Cornus florida]]''), Eastern Redbud (''[[Cercis canadensis]]''), Winged Elm (''[[Ulmus alata]]''), and Black cherry (''[[Prunus serotina]]''). In the [[Florida Panhandle]] the Upland Hardwood Forest contains several species that are more common north of there. In the Florida [[Peninsula]] the amount of evergreens increases and species richness decreases as northern deciduous species (American Beech, White Oak) reach their southern limits. Upland Hardwood Forest in [[Central Florida]], at the southern end of its range (especially along the Brooksville Ridge), is often hard to differentiate from [[Southern coastal plain oak dome and hammock|Mesic Hammock]].

==References==

==References==