Draft:Partially ionized plasma
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A '''partially ionized plasma''' is a [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] containing both [[charged particle]]s and [[neutral particle]]s.{{cite book |last1=Krishan |first1=Vinod |title=Physics of Partially Ionized Plasmas |date=13 September 2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=1 |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316341148}}{{cite journal |last1=Ballester |first1=José Luis |last2=Alexeev |first2=Igor |last3=Collados |first3=Manuel |last4=Downes |first4=Turlough |last5=Pfaff |first5=Robert F. |last6=Gilbert |first6=Holly |last7=Khodachenko |first7=Maxim |last8=Khomenko |first8=Elena |last9=Shaikhislamov |first9=Ildar F. |last10=Soler |first10=Roberto |last11=Vázquez-Semadeni |first11=Enrique |last12=Zaqarashvili |first12=Teimuraz |title=Partially Ionized Plasmas in Astrophysics |journal=Space Science Reviews |date=13 March 2018 |volume=214 |page=58 |doi=10.1007/s11214-018-0485-6}} The charged particles include [[ion]]s and [[electron]]s, while the neutral particles include [[atom]]s and/or [[molecule]]s with no net [[electric charge]]. In order for a [[compressibility|compressible]] [[fluid]] to be considered a plasma rather than a [[gas]], the [[degree of ionization]] must be high enough for the fluid to exhibit plasma properties and behavior.
When the degree of ionization is very low, the fluid is sometimes referred to as a ''weakly ionized plasma''.{{citation needed}} When it contains charged [[particulate]]s, a partially ionized plasma will also be a [[dusty plasma]].{{citation needed|reason=The Ballester review article discusses this in the first few pages.}}
[[Electromagnetism|Electromagnetic fields]] only exert a [[force]] on particles with a net electric charge.{{citation needed}} In a partially ionized plasma, the charged particles experience a [[Lorentz force]] but neutral atoms and molecules do not. This can results in the charged particles and neutral particles having different [[flow velocity|flow velocities]]. Collisions between charged and neutral particles lead to a [[drag (physics)|drag force]] between the charged and neutral particle populations.{{citation needed|reason=This is needed for the previous few sentences. Maybe chapters 2-3 of Krishan & section 2 of Ballester?}}
== References ==
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A '''partially ionized plasma''' is a [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] containing both [[charged particle]]s and [[neutral particle]]s.{{cite book |last1=Krishan |first1=Vinod |title=Physics of Partially Ionized Plasmas |date=13 September 2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=1 |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316341148}}{{cite journal |last1=Ballester |first1=José Luis |last2=Alexeev |first2=Igor |last3=Collados |first3=Manuel |last4=Downes |first4=Turlough |last5=Pfaff |first5=Robert F. |last6=Gilbert |first6=Holly |last7=Khodachenko |first7=Maxim |last8=Khomenko |first8=Elena |last9=Shaikhislamov |first9=Ildar F. |last10=Soler |first10=Roberto |last11=Vázquez-Semadeni |first11=Enrique |last12=Zaqarashvili |first12=Teimuraz |title=Partially Ionized Plasmas in Astrophysics |journal=Space Science Reviews |date=13 March 2018 |volume=214 |page=58 |doi=10.1007/s11214-018-0485-6}} The charged particles include [[ion]]s and [[electron]]s, while the neutral particles include [[atom]]s and/or [[molecule]]s with no net [[electric charge]]. In order for a [[compressibility|compressible]] [[fluid]] to be considered a plasma rather than a [[gas]], the [[degree of ionization]] must be high enough for the fluid to exhibit plasma properties and behavior.
When the degree of ionization is very low, the fluid is sometimes referred to as a ''weakly ionized plasma''.{{citation needed}} When it contains charged [[particulate]]s, a partially ionized plasma will also be a [[dusty plasma]].{{citation needed|reason=The Ballester review article discusses this in the first few pages.}}
[[Electromagnetism|Electromagnetic fields]] only exert a [[force]] on particles with a net electric charge.{{citation needed}} In a partially ionized plasma, the charged particles experience a [[Lorentz force]] but neutral atoms and molecules do not. This can results in the charged particles and neutral particles having different [[flow velocity|flow velocities]]. Collisions between charged and neutral particles lead to a [[drag (physics)|drag force]] between the charged and neutral particle populations.{{citation needed|reason=This is needed for the previous few sentences. Maybe chapters 2-3 of Krishan & section 2 of Ballester?}}
== References ==
{{reflist}}
