Antimicrobial stewardship
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The first formal evaluation of antibiotic use in children was undertaken at [[The Children's Hospital of Winnipeg]] in 1980. Researchers observed errors in 30% of medical orders and 63% of surgical orders.{{Cite journal |date=February 1980 |title=Antibiotic Misuse in a Paediatric Teaching Hospital |journal=InPharma |volume=223 |issue=1 |pages=5 |doi=10.1007/bf03292366 |issn=0156-2703}} The most frequent error was unnecessary treatment found in 13% of medical and 45% of surgical orders. The authors stated "Many find it difficult to accept that there are standards against which therapy may be judged." |
The first formal evaluation of antibiotic use in children was undertaken at [[The Children's Hospital of Winnipeg]] in 1980. Researchers observed errors in 30% of medical orders and 63% of surgical orders.{{Cite journal |date=February 1980 |title=Antibiotic Misuse in a Paediatric Teaching Hospital |journal=InPharma |volume=223 |issue=1 |pages=5 |doi=10.1007/bf03292366 |issn=0156-2703}} The most frequent error was unnecessary treatment found in 13% of medical and 45% of surgical orders. The authors stated "Many find it difficult to accept that there are standards against which therapy may be judged." |
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In the 1980s, the antibiotic class of [[cephalosporins]] was introduced, further increasing bacterial resistance. During this decade [[infection control]] programs began to be established in hospitals, which systematically recorded and investigated hospital-acquired infections. Evidence-based treatment guidelines and regulation of antibiotic use surfaced. |
In the 1980s, the antibiotic class of [[cephalosporins]] was introduced, further increasing bacterial resistance. During this decade, [[infection control]] programs began to be established in hospitals, which systematically recorded and investigated hospital-acquired infections. Evidence-based treatment guidelines and regulation of antibiotic use surfaced. |
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'''1990s''' |
'''1990s''' |
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