3MV
NPO Lavochkin version (1967-1972): Kosmos 482 no longer orbiting since 2025
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|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414155856/http://mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin1.htm |archive-date=14 April 2022}} This included the removal of the Radiator spheres on the ends of the solar panels, replaced by the use of antennas as a radiator, increasing the size of the panels. The probe was also heavier than the previous [[Venera 3]]. This was due to the change in Soviet thinking of the possible temperature of Venus, with this leading to the V-67 lander being strengthened (although still not strong enough) for the expected harsher environment.{{Cite web |title=Inventing The Interplanetary Probe |url=http://mentallandscape.com/V_OKB1.htm |website=mentallandscape.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408052534/http://mentallandscape.com/V_OKB1.htm |archive-date=8 April 2022}} It was also equipped with an [[ablative heat shield]].* |
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414155856/http://mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin1.htm |archive-date=14 April 2022}} This included the removal of the Radiator spheres on the ends of the solar panels, replaced by the use of antennas as a radiator, increasing the size of the panels. The probe was also heavier than the previous [[Venera 3]]. This was due to the change in Soviet thinking of the possible temperature of Venus, with this leading to the V-67 lander being strengthened (although still not strong enough) for the expected harsher environment.{{Cite web |title=Inventing The Interplanetary Probe |url=http://mentallandscape.com/V_OKB1.htm |website=mentallandscape.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408052534/http://mentallandscape.com/V_OKB1.htm |archive-date=8 April 2022}} It was also equipped with an [[ablative heat shield]].* |
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After Venera 4's failure to reach the surface of Venus intact, the next 3MV probes ([[Venera 5]] and [[Venera 6|6]]) were strengthened again, this time to withstand a 450-g (compared to the 300-g entry of Venera 4) re-entry due to the 1969 launch window's higher velocity. The V-70 design took this further, with the capsule being slightly more egg-shaped. It was designed to survive 150 atmospheres and 540°C (1004°F). The Parachute was also changed to the heavier weight and the lander was set to −8 °C before detaching from the 3MV bus. Due to these changes, [[Venera 7|Venera-7]] became the first spacecraft to land on Venus, and another planet successfully. The final version of the 3MV bus, the V-72 probes, were launched in early 1972, with one failing to reach Venus ([[Kosmos 482]] which was still orbiting Earth |
After Venera 4's failure to reach the surface of Venus intact, the next 3MV probes ([[Venera 5]] and [[Venera 6|6]]) were strengthened again, this time to withstand a 450-g (compared to the 300-g entry of Venera 4) re-entry due to the 1969 launch window's higher velocity. The V-70 design took this further, with the capsule being slightly more egg-shaped. It was designed to survive 150 atmospheres and 540°C (1004°F). The Parachute was also changed to the heavier weight and the lander was set to −8 °C before detaching from the 3MV bus. Due to these changes, [[Venera 7|Venera-7]] became the first spacecraft to land on Venus, and another planet successfully. The final version of the 3MV bus, the V-72 probes, were launched in early 1972, with one failing to reach Venus ([[Kosmos 482]] which was still orbiting Earth{{Cite web |title=Kosmos-482 (Venera-72 No. 2) mission |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/venera72_kosmos482.html |website=www.russianspaceweb.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414155714/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/venera72_kosmos482.html |archive-date=14 April 2022}} until May 2025).{{Cite web |last=Langbroek |first=Marco |date=6 May 2025 |title=SatTrackCam Leiden (b)log: Cosmos 482 Descent Craft reentry forecasts [UPDATED] |url=https://sattrackcam.blogspot.com/2025/04/kosmos-842-descent-craft-reentry.html |access-date=6 May 2025 |website=SatTrackCam Leiden (b)log}} The 3MV was superseded by the newer [[4MV|4V-1 probes]] beginning in 1975 with [[Venera 9]] and [[Venera 10|10]], based on the M-71/73 probes (Mars-2-7).{{Cite web |title=First Pictures of the Surface of Venus |url=http://mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin2.htm |website=mentallandscape.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414155855/http://mentallandscape.com/V_Lavochkin2.htm |archive-date=14 April 2022}}{{Cite web |title=Venera-9 and 10 |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/venera75.html#history |website=www.russianspaceweb.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408162710/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/venera75.html#history |archive-date=8 April 2022}} |
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==Variants == |
==Variants == |
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